Interpretation:
Possible monochlorinated products has to be given and the products has to be named using
Concept Introduction:
Halogenation reaction is the one where atom or atoms of halogens get substituted in a carbon chain. Halogenation is a type of substitution reaction.
In
IUPAC rules for naming alkanes:
There are about five rules that has to be followed for naming an alkane and they are,
- The longest continuous carbon chain in the compound has to be identified. This is known as parent compound. From this the parent name is obtained. Suffix “–ane” (for alkane) is added at the end of the prefix which gives information about the number of carbon atoms.
- Numbering has to be done so that the lowest number is given to the first group that is encountered in the parent chain.
- Naming and numbering has to be given for each atom or group that is attached to the parent chain. Numbering has to be done in a way that substituents get the least numbering.
- If the same substitution is present in the parent chain more than once, a separate prefix is added which tells about the number of times the substituent occurs. Prefixes used are di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- etc.
- Name of the substituents has to be placed in an alphabetical order before the parent compound name.

Explanation of Solution
Structure of given alkane is,
Monochlorination of
IUPAC name for
In the given compound, the longest carbon chain is found to contain four carbon atoms. Therefore, the parent alkane name is butane.
Numbering of carbon atoms has to be done in a way that the substituents present in the longest carbon chain get the least numbering.
The substituent present in the given compound are a chlorine atom and a methyl group. Number has to be added before the substituent indicating the carbon in which it is attached. Therefore, IUPAC name is obtained as,
Parent chain is butane and the substituent present is 1-chloro-3-methyl. Hence, the IUPAC name is given as 1-chloro-3-methylbutane.
IUPAC name for
In the given compound, the longest carbon chain is found to contain four carbon atoms. Therefore, the parent alkane name is butane.
Numbering of carbon atoms has to be done in a way that the substituents present in the longest carbon chain get the least numbering.
The substituent present in the given compound are a chlorine atom and a methyl group. Number has to be added before the substituent indicating the carbon in which it is attached. Therefore, IUPAC name is obtained as,
Parent chain is butane and the substituent present is 2-chloro-3-methyl. Hence, the IUPAC name is given as 2-chloro-3-methylbutane.
IUPAC name for
In the given compound, the longest carbon chain is found to contain four carbon atoms. Therefore, the parent alkane name is butane.
Numbering of carbon atoms has to be done in a way that the substituents present in the longest carbon chain get the least numbering.
The substituent present in the given compound are a chloromethyl group. Number has to be added before the substituent indicating the carbon in which it is attached. Therefore, IUPAC name is obtained as,
Parent chain is butane and the substituent present is 2-chloromethyl. Hence, the IUPAC name is given as 2-chloromethylbutane.
IUPAC name for
In the given compound, the longest carbon chain is found to contain four carbon atoms. Therefore, the parent alkane name is butane.
Numbering of carbon atoms has to be done in a way that the substituents present in the longest carbon chain get the least numbering.
The substituent present in the given compound are a chlorine atom and a methyl group. Number has to be added before the substituent indicating the carbon in which it is attached. Therefore, IUPAC name is obtained as,
Parent chain is butane and the substituent present is 2-chloro-2-methyl. Hence, the IUPAC name is given as 2-chloro-2-methylbutane.
IUPAC name for
In the given compound, the longest carbon chain is found to contain four carbon atoms. Therefore, the parent alkane name is butane.
Numbering of carbon atoms has to be done in a way that the substituents present in the longest carbon chain get the least numbering.
The substituent present in the given compound are a chlorine atom and a methyl group. Number has to be added before the substituent indicating the carbon in which it is attached. Therefore, IUPAC name is obtained as,
Parent chain is butane and the substituent present is 1-chloro-2-methyl. Hence, the IUPAC name is given as 1-chloro-2-methylbutane.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 10 Solutions
GENERAL,ORGANIC,+BIOCHEMISTRY(LL)-PKG
- 3. Use Kapustinskii's equation and data from Table 4.10 in your textbook to calculate lattice energies of Cu(OH)2 and CuCO3 (4 points)arrow_forward2. Copper (II) oxide crystalizes in monoclinic unit cell (included below; blue spheres 2+ represent Cu²+, red - O²-). Use Kapustinski's equation (4.5) to calculate lattice energy for CuO. You will need some data from Resource section of your textbook (p.901). (4 points) CuOarrow_forwardWhat is the IUPAC name of the following compound? OH (2S, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O(2S, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-olarrow_forward
- Use the reaction coordinate diagram to answer the below questions. Type your answers into the answer box for each question. (Watch your spelling) Energy A B C D Reaction coordinate E A) Is the reaction step going from D to F endothermic or exothermic? A F G B) Does point D represent a reactant, product, intermediate or transition state? A/ C) Which step (step 1 or step 2) is the rate determining step? Aarrow_forward1. Using radii from Resource section 1 (p.901) and Born-Lande equation, calculate the lattice energy for PbS, which crystallizes in the NaCl structure. Then, use the Born-Haber cycle to obtain the value of lattice energy for PbS. You will need the following data following data: AH Pb(g) = 196 kJ/mol; AHƒ PbS = −98 kJ/mol; electron affinities for S(g)→S¯(g) is -201 kJ/mol; S¯(g) (g) is 640kJ/mol. Ionization energies for Pb are listed in Resource section 2, p.903. Remember that enthalpies of formation are calculated beginning with the elements in their standard states (S8 for sulfur). The formation of S2, AHF: S2 (g) = 535 kJ/mol. Compare the two values, and explain the difference. (8 points)arrow_forwardIn the answer box, type the number of maximum stereoisomers possible for the following compound. A H H COH OH = H C Br H.C OH CHarrow_forward
- 7. Magnesium is found in nature in the form of carbonates and sulfates. One of the major natural sources of zinc is zinc blende (ZnS). Use relevant concepts of acid-base theory to explain this combination of cations and anions in these minerals. (2 points)arrow_forward6. AlF3 is insoluble in liquid HF but dissolves if NaF is present. When BF3 is added to the solution, AlF3 precipitates. Write out chemical processes and explain them using the principles of Lewis acid-base theory. (6 points)arrow_forward5. Zinc oxide is amphoteric. Write out chemical reactions for dissolution of ZnO in HCl(aq) and in NaOH(aq). (3 points)arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





