Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 1, Problem 2CT
In 1911, the Polish scientist Casimir Funk proposed that a limited diet of polished white rice (rice without the husks) caused beriberi, a disease of the central nervous system. Even though history has proven him correct—beriberi is caused by a thiamine deficiency, which in his day resulted from unsophisticated milling techniques that removed the thiamine-rich husks—Funk was criticized by his contemporaries, who told him to find the microbe that caused beriberi. Explain how the prevailing scientific philosophy of the day shaped the point of view of Funk’s detractors.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
1) would you describe the contents of the soil-inoculated broth as being a “pure culture”? Why or why not?
2) How did the uninoculated broth differ in appearance from the broths inoculated with E. Coli and M. Luteus? And then how could you tell if a supposedly sterile, uninoculated broth was contaminated?
Please explain in detail and highlight the important parts cuz I am confused and need help! Thanks
In 1971, Dr. Akira Endo, working at the
Sankyo company in Tokyo speculated that fungi not
only contained antibiotics but also inhibitors of other
processes such as cholesterol metabolism. Over a
period of several years, he screened more than 6,000
fungal cultures until a positive result emerged. This
compound, which was named compactin, came from
the blue-green mold Penicillium citrinum Pen-5 that
was isolated from a rice sample collected at a grain
shop in Kyoto. Based on biochemical assays,
compactin is the first known statin.
1. The original kinetics data for compactin inhibition
of HMG-CoA reductase enzyme that was published
by Dr. Endo in 1976 is shown on the right.
a) Determine the Km and Vmax values for enzymatic
activity. Do NOT forget the units. Answers can be
expressed either as a fraction or in decimals.
With No inhibitor:
; Vmax=
-60
1/V, (nanomoles/min)-1
0.4
0.35+
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
-40 -20 0
+ 24 nM compactin
+ 70 nM compactin
None
T
20 40 60
1/[HMG-CoA], (mM)-1…
The microbiology department is celebrating the end of the school year in May by holding its traditional picnic on the green. The speeches drag on for a couple of hours, but finally all the faculty and students can dig into the food: chicken salad, tomatoes, onions, salad, and custard pie. By evening, the whole department, except for two vegetarian students who did not eat the chicken salad, is stricken with nausea, vomiting, retching, and abdominal cramping. Several individuals complain of diarrhea. One patient shows signs of shock (low blood pressure). Blood and stool samples are collected from patients, and an analysis of all foods served at the meal is conducted.
Bacteria can cause gastroenteritis (inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract) either by colonizing and replicating in the host, which is considered an infection, or by secreting toxins, which is considered intoxication. Signs and symptoms of infections are typically delayed, whereas intoxication manifests within…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 1 - What does the science of microbiology study?Ch. 1 - Are most microorganisms harmful or harmless to...Ch. 1 - Patty is a mother to 14-year-old twins and works...Ch. 1 - What scientific device did van Leeuwenhoek create?Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MICCh. 1 - Van Leeuwenhoek described bacteria, archaea,...Ch. 1 - All eukaryotic cells contain most of their genetic...Ch. 1 - What term describes the idea that living organisms...Ch. 1 - The investigations of which researcher finally...Ch. 1 - Today we understand that yeasts and bacteria can...
Ch. 1 - What industry has the work of Pasteur most...Ch. 1 - Which researcher ultimately gave us a method for...Ch. 1 - Which researcher developed the staining technique...Ch. 1 - Prob. 11MICCh. 1 - The use of antiseptic chemicals during surgical...Ch. 1 - Prob. 13MICCh. 1 - Some people consider Leeuwenhoek the Father of...Ch. 1 - Why might Nightingale be considered the Mother of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 1 - In the late 18th century, Philadelphia was one of...Ch. 1 - Emerging Disease Case Study Variant...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1MCFUCh. 1 - Dr. Andrews has a lot of questions tot Patty. When...Ch. 1 - Which of the following microorganisms are not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - In which habitat would you most likely find...Ch. 1 - Of the following scientists, who first promulgated...Ch. 1 - Which of the following scientists hypothesized...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6MCCh. 1 - Prob. 7MCCh. 1 - Prob. 8MCCh. 1 - Prob. 9MCCh. 1 - The laboratory of Robert Koch contributed which of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 1 - Chemotherapy _______________Ch. 1 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 1 - Infection control _______________Ch. 1 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 1 - Epidemiology _______________Ch. 1 - Biotechnology _______________Ch. 1 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 1 - Why was the theory of spontaneous generation a...Ch. 1 - Discuss the significant difference between the...Ch. 1 - List six types of microorganisms.Ch. 1 - Defend this statement: The investigations of...Ch. 1 - Why would a macroscopic tapeworm be studied in...Ch. 1 - Describe what has been called the Golden Age of...Ch. 1 - List four major questions that drive...Ch. 1 - Prob. 8SACh. 1 - Prob. 9SACh. 1 - What does the term HAI (nosocomial infection) have...Ch. 1 - Match each of the following descriptions with the...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1VICh. 1 - Prob. 2VICh. 1 - If Robert Koch had become interested in a viral...Ch. 1 - In 1911, the Polish scientist Casimir Funk...Ch. 1 - Haemophilus influenzae does not cause flu, but it...Ch. 1 - Just before winter break in early December, your...Ch. 1 - Design an experiment to prove that microbes do not...Ch. 1 - Prob. 6CTCh. 1 - Compare and contrast the investigations of Redi,...Ch. 1 - If you were a career counselor directing a student...Ch. 1 - A few bacteria produce disease because they derive...Ch. 1 - How might the debate over spontaneous generation...Ch. 1 - French microbiologists, led by Pasteur, tried to...Ch. 1 - Why arent Kochs postulates always useful in...Ch. 1 - Albert Kluyver said, From elephant to ......Ch. 1 - The ability of farmers around the world to produce...Ch. 1 - Prob. 15CTCh. 1 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- 12) Identify the most correct choice: a) All fungi reproduce by binary fission. b) Fungi are prokaryotes. 0 c) Fungi obtain nourishment via photosynthesis. d) Fungi are eukaryotes 13) A circular piece of DNA has one unique Xhol site (only one). Therefore digestion of that DNA with Xhol enzyme results in the production of two bands on an agarose gel. () True Falsearrow_forwardA parent calls to ask about giving a medication for diarrhea to his child, 12 years of age, who is recovering from the flu. The nurse expects the prescriber to recommend which medication? a) bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)b )Lactobacillus GG (Culturelle)c )belladonna alkaloid/phenobarbital combination (Donnatal Elixir)d) loperamide (Imodium A-D)arrow_forward1) In 2005 a typhoid outbreak in Delmas, South Africa, prompted the widespread testing of food and water sources to ascertain the origin of the outbreak. However, the origin of the outbreak could not be definitely tracesd. What could have been the possible reasons for this state of affairs? 2) A hypothetical culture media is being developed for the isolation of Salmonella Typhimurium. How will these unique characteristics be used to produce a culture media that is both selective and differential for the isolation of presumptive Salmonella Typhimurium?arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a correct way to write a bacterial name? O 1) Escherichia coli O 2) Staphylococcus Aureus O 3) STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS O 4) bacillus Subtilis O 5) pseudomonas aeruginosaarrow_forwardA child consumed watermelon in a restaurant and was thereafter infected with Esc. coli O157:H7. Investigations revealed that the knife used to slice the melon was also used to cut raw beef (and then washed). What could have been done to prevent the situation?arrow_forwardWhy do yeasts generally have to be cultured for longer periods than most bacteria? Can bacteriological media be used for the cultivation of molds? Explain your answer. What is the difference between vegetative and aerial mycelia? What are the three classes of antifungal drugs based on their mechanism/site of action? Describe the mode of action of each class. Name one fungal virulence factors that promote fungal colonization. Explain the mechanism. Name one fungal virulence factors that damage the host. Explain the mechanism.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a parasitic fungi on the mustardplant ?(a) Albugo (b) Puccinia(c) Yeast (d) Ustilago Please try to break the solutions into as many steps as practically possible and the steps should come one by one and they should be short and crisp and plagiarism-free.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about Pasteurella multocida is false?a) Infections generally respond to a penicillin.b) It can cause epidemics of fatal disease in domestic animals.c) It is commonly found in the mouths of biting animals, including humans.d) A vaccine is used to prevent P. multocida disease in people.e) Cat bites are more likely to result in P. multocida infections than dog bites.arrow_forwardClostridium spp palys vital role in meat spoilage. a) Describe possible conditions of spoilage cause by this bacterium b) suggest factors that can contribute to spoilage condition stated in (a). c) suggest possible process that can be done to avoid the growth of this bacteriaarrow_forward
- McConkey agar red is considered to be both differential and selective for the isolation of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Explain whyarrow_forwardWhy is sporotrichosis sometimes called rose gardener’s disease?arrow_forwardThe principal cellulase-producing microorganisms that may be isolated from soil samples are fungi. The cellulases produced can hydrolyze cellulose (-1,4-D-glucan linkages) to yield glucose, cellobiose, and cello-oligosaccharides as by-products.1)Give a suggestion on a suitable preliminary study to isolate potential cellulase-producing fungi from a soil sample and describe of the expected outcome.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Bacterial Infections in Humans; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FeFKAl9KyMg;License: Standard Youtube License