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Interpretation: The effects of social, political and personal considerations on the evaluation of theory of scientists need to be explained with examples. The methods to exclude these considerations need to be explained.
Concept Introduction: Chemistry is a fundamental science that investigates and studies molecules. In chemistry, the scientific method is a systematic way of collecting evidence to support theories/ concepts.In scientific disciplines, the term “model”, “experiment”, “observation”, “theory” and “law” holds different meanings of phenomena.
Answer to Problem 15A
The political, social or personal considerations can affect a scientist's evaluations of a theory because of profit motives. The methods are descriptive, comparative, and experimental investigation.
Explanation of Solution
Science is separately affected by a culture/ history that include social, political, & religious ideologies. Its consequences are so strong. They can manipulate scientific evidence or data for centuries. Scientists have prejudices; they can misunderstand data and get emotionally attached to their concepts/ theories, and thus lose objectivity. This is because of these lacunae. They can play politics and also, they may have profit motives, fads, budgets, wars and religious beliefs.
For example, during Hitler’s rule in Germany, many scientists worked in favor of the fascist regime by Hitler. Many innocent people were killed and affected by this. Scientists use some investigation methods to research as well as develop an explanation for any event in nature. Those methods are descriptive, comparative, and experimental investigation.
The several political social or personal considerations are affecting scientist's evaluations of a theory.
Chapter 1 Solutions
World of Chemistry
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- Complete the following reaction by identifying the principle organic product of the reactionarrow_forwardDenote the dipole for the indicated bonds in the following molecules. ✓ H3C CH3 B F-CCl3 Br-Cl H3C —Si(CH3)3 CH3 OH HO HO H HO OH vitamin Carrow_forward(a) What is the hybridization of the carbon in the methyl cation (CH3*) and in the methyl anion (CH3)? (b) What is the approximate H-C-H bond angle in the methyl cation and in the methyl anion?arrow_forward
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- In the following molecule, indicate the hybridization and shape of the indicated atoms. CH3 CH3 H3C HO: CI:arrow_forwardWhich of the following are TRUE about linear syntheses? Question 7Select one: A. They are easier to execute B. They are the most efficient strategy for all syntheses C. They are generally shorter than convergent syntheses D. They are less versatile compared to convergent synthesesarrow_forwardWhich of the following characteristics is common among chiral pool substrates? Question 4Select one: A. They have good leaving groups B. They are all achiral C. All have a multiplicity of chiral centres D. They have poor leaving groupsarrow_forward
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