You wish to determine which genes are aberrantly expressed in a certain type of cancer. How would you measure a possible transcription difference on a genomic level between the cancer cells and normal cells?
You wish to determine which genes are aberrantly expressed in a certain type of cancer. How would you measure a possible transcription difference on a genomic level between the cancer cells and normal cells?
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
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
Transcribed Image Text:**Title:** Measuring Transcription Differences in Cancer Cells Versus Normal Cells
**Text:**
You wish to determine which genes are aberrantly expressed in a certain type of cancer. How would you measure a possible transcription difference on a genomic level between the cancer cells and normal cells?
**Explanation:**
This question focuses on the methodology for identifying abnormal gene expression in cancer cells compared to normal cells. Exploring differences in transcription can help pinpoint genes involved in cancer progression, providing insights into potential therapeutic targets.
**Suggested Approaches:**
1. **RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq):**
- Performs high-throughput sequencing of cDNA to capture a snapshot of the transcriptome.
- Allows for the identification and quantification of all RNA species, providing comprehensive data on gene expression changes.
2. **Microarray Analysis:**
- Utilizes a grid of DNA probes to detect gene expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously.
- Useful for comparing expression differences between cancerous and non-cancerous cells.
3. **Quantitative PCR (qPCR):**
- Uses specific primers to amplify and quantify target RNA sequences, providing precise expression data.
- Ideal for validating RNA-Seq or microarray findings.
**Conclusion:**
These methodologies enable researchers to measure transcription differences and enhance our understanding of cancer biology. Identifying differentially expressed genes provides insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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