Would you predict that TLR-XX is able to recognize other types of Gram-negative bacteria, in addition to the one that was used in this experiment? Explain WHY or WHY NOT?see attached diagram. cytochalasin BKilled bacteria + cytochalasin Bkilled bacteriaLive bacteriaNo treatment0III.204060Amount of IL-2 Produced (mg)The graph shown above shows data generated byexposing TLR-XX-expressing macrophages toGram negative bacteria (Staph. sp.) that possesslipopolysaccharides (LPS) on their surface. Thesebacteria have been inactivated (killed) by heattreatment or added alive. These experimentaltreatments were performed in the presence orabsence of cytochalasin B, which is a chemicalthat prevents phagocytosis. Note that TLR-X +hypothetical tool-like receptor.

TLRs are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that play an important role in the recognition of…

Answered: Would you predict that TLR-XX is able…

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

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Would you predict that TLR-XX is able to recognize other types of Gram-negative bacteria, in addition to the one that was used in this experiment? Explain WHY or WHY NOT?
see attached diagram.

cytochalasin B
Killed bacteria + cytochalasin B
killed bacteria
Live bacteria
No treatment
0
III.
20
40
60
Amount of IL-2 Produced (mg)
The graph shown above shows data generated by
exposing TLR-XX-expressing macrophages to
Gram negative bacteria (Staph. sp.) that possess
lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on their surface. These
bacteria have been inactivated (killed) by heat
treatment or added alive. These experimental
treatments were performed in the presence or
absence of cytochalasin B, which is a chemical
that prevents phagocytosis. Note that TLR-X +
hypothetical tool-like receptor.

Expert Solution

Introduction:

TLRs are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that play an important role in the recognition of bacterial pathogens.
TLRs detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) on bacteria's surfaces and initiate an immune response.
TLRs are found on a variety of immune cells, including dendritic cells and macrophages.
When TLRs are activated, cytokines and other signalling molecules are produced, which aid in the infection's removal.

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