Why are nucleic acids considered a non-essential component of the diet?Bases, specifically purines can cause goutMan has an efficient salvage pathway for purines.Pyrimidines can substitute for most of the function of purines.Man is capable of synthesizing nucleotides de novoPurines are the precursors of nucleic acids and nucleic acids are not degradednor renewed.

Nucleic acids are biomolecules composed of nucleotide units. Each nucleotide unit is composed of a…

Answered: Why are nucleic acids considered a…

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter6: Dna Structure And Function

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SQ

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28) peptidyl transferase enzyme activity forms A- peptide bonds between nucleotides B-peptide bonds between amino acids C- phoshodiester bonds between nucleotides D- hydrogen bonds between nucleic acid bases E- phosphodiester Bonds between amino acids
Select all of the true statements regarding the molecule below: NH2 0-P-0 -NH G -NH, ÓH H,N A O ÓH NH он он This is RNA ] This is DNA | This chain is a polymer. | The backbone of these nucleotides is a ribose sugar This nucleic acid is the hereditary material for humans. This nucleic acid is the hereditary material for coronaviruses. | This type of nucleic acid is never found in healthy human cells. This nucleic acid contains the nucleobase thymine. 0-d=O O-a=O
Adenine and thymine form hydrogen bonds between them, while cytosine and guanine form bonds. O 3.2 O21 O 22 O 33 O 23
NO Which nucleotide is shown in the picture above O deoxyguanosine triphosphate guanosine triphosphate saved
To make Cytidine 5'-triphosphate we must ALVWAYS first make which nucleotide? Adenylate Thymidylate Inosinate O Xanthylate O Uridylate Guanylate
Antibiotics and Protein Synthesis Antibiotics are molecules produced by microorganisms as defense mechanisms. The most effective antibiotics work by interfering with essential biochemical or reproductive processes. Many antibiotics block or disrupt one or more stages in protein synthesis. Some of these are mentioned here. Tetracyclines are a family of chemically related compounds used to treat several types of bacterial infections. Tetracyclines interfere with the initiation of translation. The tetracycline molecule attaches to the small ribosomal subunit and prevents binding of the tRNA anticodon during initiation. Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes are sensitive to the action of tetracycline, but this antibiotic cannot pass through the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells. Because tetracycline can enter bacterial cells to inhibit protein synthesis, it will stop bacterial growth, helping the immune system fight the infection. Streptomycin is used in hospitals to treat serious bacterial infections. It binds to the small ribosomal subunit but does not prevent initiation or elongation; however, it does affect the efficiency of protein synthesis. Binding of streptomycin changes the way mRNA codons interact with the tRNA. As a result, incorrect amino acids are incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain, producing nonfunctional proteins. In addition, streptomycin causes the ribosome to randomly fall off the mRNA, preventing the synthesis of complete proteins. Puromycin is not used clinically but has played an important role in studying the mechanism of protein synthesis in the research laboratory. The puromycin molecule is the same size and shape as a tRNA/amino acid complex. When puromycin enters the ribosome, it can be incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain, stopping further synthesis because no peptide bond can be formed between puromycin and an amino acid, causing the shortened polypeptide to fall off the ribosome. Chloramphenicol was one of the first broadspectrum antibiotics introduced. Eukaryotic cells are resistant to its actions, and it was widely used to treat bacterial infections. However, its use is limited to external applications and serious infections. Chloramphenicol destroys cells in the bone marrow, the source of all blood cells. In bacteria, this antibiotic binds to the large ribosomal subunit and inhibits the formation of peptide bonds. Another antibiotic, erythromycin, also binds to the large ribosomal subunit and inhibits the movement of ribosomes along the mRNA. Almost every step of protein synthesis can be inhibited by one antibiotic or another. Work on designing new synthetic antibiotics to fight infections is based on our knowledge of how the nucleotide sequence of mRNA is converted into the amino acid sequence of a protein. Questions Why are antibiotics ineffective in treating the common cold and other virus infections?
Which of the following elements is not a micronutrient? boron calcium chromium manganese
Uracil ________. contains nitrogen is a pyrimidine is found in RNA all of the above
Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA? a. adenine b. guanine c. glutamine d. thymine e. cytosine f. All are in DNA.
Base excision repair starts with cleavage of the between the damaged base and the deoxyribose. O hydrogen bond ionic interaction O glycosidic bond O phosphodiester bond
Which is found in DNA only? free deoxyadenosine nucleoside ribose N-C glycosidic bond A-T base pairs
Select all of the true statements regarding the molecule below: NH2 NH OH NH, H,N ОН `NH ОН ОН ОН O This is RNA O This is DNA This chain is a polymer. O The backbone of these nucleotides is a ribose sugar O This nucleic acid is the hereditary material for humans. O This nucleic acid is the hereditary material for coronaviruses. O This type of nucleic acid is never found in healthy human cells. O This nucleic acid contains the nucleobase thymine.

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