When ATP levels are high in the cell, NADH molecules accumulate and bind to pyruvate dehydrogenase (the enzyme complex involved in the oxidation of pyruvate) at a site other than the active site to prevent the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA. This is an example of... O competitive inhibition O allosteric activation O transcriptional cofactors O allosteric inhibition

Q: Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate allosterically [inhibits/activates] PFK-1 and allosterically…

A: The reactions that transform one molecule to another(reactants to products) within the living cells…

Q: gain-of-expression of MCT1 transporters in pancreatic b-cells wreaks havoc on the cell’s function.…

A: There are two primary processes that metabolize lactate:  1. lactate can be used as a substrate to…

Q: High [ATP] slows glycolysis and speeds of gluconeogenesis because (check all that apply): Pyruvate…

A: ATP is the energy currency of the cell i.e. the cell mostly uses ATP as the source of energy for…

Q: Why is it important that the hexokinase reaction have a large negative deltaG? Would the cell be…

A: Free energy of a system is indicated by Delta G when the system moves from initial state to the…

Q: Explain the logic behind having [ADP] regulate the conversion of ribose-5-phosphate to PRPP. Does…

A: ADP is a nucleotide formed of adenine, ribose sugar, and two phosphate groups. Since adenine is a…

Q: Considering the gluconeogenesis that may occur after removal of the amino group from amino acids,…

A: Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesis of glucose from pyruvate. This reaction runs backward of…

Q: The serine residues in acetyl CoA carboxylase that are the target of the AMP-activated protein…

A: Fatty acids are carboxylic acids that contain a long aliphatic chain that could be either branched…

Q: What will happen to the rate of FPP synthesis when FPP concentration is very high Inhibition of an…

A: FPP is farensyl pyrophosphate, one of the intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis. It is a huge…

Q: What would be expected to happen if the PFK-1 catalyzed reaction in glycolysis (step 3) were…

A: What is glycolysis Glycolysis Glycolysis is a ubiquitous catabolic pathway. Glycolysis is a pathway…

Q: The enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) normallL can be imported into mitochondria by appending a…

A: This is because methotrexate acts as a competitive inhibitors against the mitochondrial signal…

Q: Suppose that a G protein undergoes a mutation that allows the exchange of GTP for GDP to occur even…

A: Glucagon is a peptide hormone released from the alpha-islets of Langerhans of the pancreas. Glucagon…

Q: What would you expect if a patient carries a mutation in Hexokinase IV (HKIV) that lowers the Km…

A: Hexokinase is an enzyme that catalysis the conversion of glucose to glucose 6 phosphate in…

Q: The radiolabel shown on the image in glycogen is used for conversion to ribose 5-phosphate while…

A: Glycogen is a polysaccharide and the storage form of carbohydrates in animals. It is a homopolymer…

Q: Aldosterone is an important steroid hormone that regulates water and salt balance. People with…

A: 21-hydroxylase deficiency is caused due to the variations in the CYP21A2 gene. It is inherited in an…

Q: In a metabolic pathway, succinate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate.…

A: Enzymes are the proteinaceous structure that serves as catalyst. Characteristic features:-  I ) They…

Q: Fatty acid oxidation for energy yield occurs in the mitochondrial matrix, and for palmitate as one…

A: Most fatty acids are degraded by the sequential removal of two-carbon fragments from the carboxyl…

Q: What is the evidence that aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) effects catalysis primarily by…

A: Aspartate carbamyl transferase or astartate transcarbamoylase, transfers a carbamoyl group from…

Q: aking into consideration glycolysis, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the citric acid cycle,…

A:

Q: To be metabolized, glucose must be converted to glucose 6-phosphate. However, the phosphorylation of…

A: Cellular respiration involves conversion of glucose into energy which is utilized by cells. The…

Q: Some of the biochemical reactions of GLYCOLYSIS are known to have a positive deltaG0, e.g. the…

A: The ΔG° of the reaction in the direction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone…

Q: You have discovered a ubiquitin (Lys48) ligase that is activated when human cells have high cyclic…

A: polyubiquitination of a protein leads to degradation thereby maintains protein load in a cell.

Q: Can you please explain this pathway on the slide?

A: Metabolism is the series of chemical reactions that occurs inside the living body for the production…

Q: Why is isomerization of Glc-6-P to Fruc-6-P important in glycsolysis? To regulate the pathway To…

A: Glycolysis is the series of metabolic reactions where glucose is breakdown into pyruvate. This helps…

Q: Consider a mutant hepatocyte cell in which the Q-cycle was not used and teh two electrons from…

A: Electron Transport Chain  Electron Transport Chain or ETC is a series of proteins that creates a…

Q: How would the activity of a reaction catalyzed by a version of subtilisin with all three residues in…

A: Subtilisin is a serine protease produced by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Serine proteases are…

Q: Why cant insulin serve as a allosteric activatior for the pyruvate dehydrogenase phospaphate enxyme…

A: The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is consisting of three enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase E1,…

Q: Between your evening meal and breakfast, your blood glucose drops and your liver becomes a net…

A: Note : Hi ! Thank you for the question. We are authorized to answer one question at a time. Since…

Q: All the dehydrogenases of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle use NAD+ (E°' for NAD+/NADH is -0.32…

A: NADH/FADH2 are also known as reducing equivalents. These reducing equivalents are produced in the…

Q: Concerning the reciprocal regulation of phosphofructokinase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in the…

A: Phosphofructokinase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase are key enzymes involved in regulating…

Q: Mechanistically, how does NADPH facilitate the removal of an oxygen atom from intermediates in fatty…

A: Fatty acid synthesis is the production of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action…

Q: What is the purpose of carnitine acyltransferase II? O formation of a fatty acyl-CoA molecule in the…

A: Transferases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of a functional group, such as a…

Q: In glycolysis, phosphofructokinase the key enzymes for regulation of this pathway because A B…

A: A crucial regulating enzyme in glycolysis, phosphofructokinase (PFK-) catalyzes the transformation…

Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.