What is the approximate sampling distribution of x , the mean water loss of the 34 lizards
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Water availability is of prime importance in the life cycle of most reptiles. To determine the rate of evaporative water loss of a certain species of lizard at a particular desert site, 34 such lizards were randomly collected, weighed and placed under the appropriate experimental conditions. After 24 hours, each lizard was removed, weighed, and its total water loss was calculated by subtracting its body weight after treatment from its initial body weight. Previous studies have shown that the relative frequency distribution of water loss for this species of lizard has a
a) What is the approximate sampling distribution of x , the mean water loss of the 34 lizards
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- Thomas wants to compare the mean concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) on residential versus commercial streets, since these differ in terms of car traffic. In each of three neighborhoods of Montréal (named A, B, and C below), he randomly chooses four locations for each type of street, for a total of 24 observations (2 street types x 3 neighborhoods x 4 locations). At each location, he measures CO concentration in the air over a period of 10 hours (8:00 AM-6:00 PM), and obtains the following data (in ppm/h). Question: Test whether or not the difference between residential and commercial streets in mean atmospheric CO concentration is the same among the three neighborhoods, and whether or not CO concentration in the air is the same, on average, for the two types of streets. Note that Neighborhood is considered a random block factor in the ANOVA. Use significant level= 0.05.A wildlife biologist was interested in determining the effect of raising deer in captivity on the size of the deer. She decided to consider three populations: deer raised in the wild, deer raised on large hunting ranches, and deer raised in zoos. She randomly selected eight deer in each of the three environments and weighed the deer at age 1 year. The biologist hypothesized that the weights of deer from captive environments would have a larger level of variability than the weights from deer raised in the wild. a) what is the null hypothesis? What is the alternate hypothesis? b) what statistical test should she use to test her hypothesis? What assumptions are associated with the test?Researchers measured the distribution of beak sizes in a cohort of medium ground finch hatchlings in the Galapagos Islands in 1976 just before, and in a cohort of hatchlings two years after a severe drought. They measured 100 finches in each cohort. After the drought, the proportion of large, harder seeds was substantially greater than before the drought. Their data documenting this selective event are shown in graphical and tabular form below. Beak size (mm) Frequency before selection Frequency after selection 10.010.0 0.000.00 0.000.00 10.210.2 0.000.00 0.000.00 10.410.4 0.020.02 0.000.00 10.610.6 0.040.04 0.000.00 10.810.8 0.080.08 0.000.00 11.011.0 0.160.16 0.000.00 11.211.2 0.200.20 0.000.00 11.411.4 0.200.20 0.000.00 11.611.6 0.160.16 0.020.02 11.811.8 0.080.08 0.040.04 12.012.0 0.040.04 0.080.08 12.212.2 0.020.02 0.160.16 12.412.4 0.000.00 0.200.20 12.612.6 0.000.00 0.200.20 12.812.8 0.000.00 0.160.16 13.013.0 0.000.00 0.080.08 13.213.2…
- Inorganic phosphorous is a naturally occurring element in all plants and animals, with concentrations increasing progressively up the food chain (fruit < vegetables < cereals < nuts < corpse). Geochemical surveys take soil samples to determine phosphorous content (in ppm, parts per million). A high phosphorous content may or may not indicate an ancient burial site, food storage site, or even a garbage dump. Independent random samples from two regions gave the following phosphorous measurements (in ppm). Assume the distribution of phosphorous is mound-shaped and symmetric for these two regions. Region I: x1; n1 = 15 853 1,549 1,230 875 1,080 2,330 1,850 1,860 2,340 1,080 910 1,130 1,450 1,260 1,010 Region II: x2; n2 = 14 538 808 790 1,230 1,770 960 1,650 860 890 640 1,180 1,160 1,050 1,020 (a) Use a calculator with mean and standard deviation keys to verify that x1, s1, x2, and s2. (Round your answers to four decimal places.) x1= ppm s1= ppm x2= ppm s2=…Inorganic phosphorous is a naturally occurring element in all plants and animals, with concentrations increasing progressively up the food chain (fruit < vegetables < cereaise nuts < corpse). Geochemical surveys take soil samples to determine phosphorous content (in ppm, parts per million). A high phosphorous content may or may not indicate an ancient burial site, food storage site, or even a garbage dump. Independent random samples from two regions gave the following phosphorous measurements (in ppm). Assume the distribution of phosphorous is mound-shaped and symmetric for these two regions. Region It x n, 15 857 1,551 1,230 875 1,080 2,330 1,850 1,860 2,340 1,080 910 1,130 1,450 1,260 1,010 Region III xi n 14 542 B06 1,230 1,770 790 960 1,650 860 890 640 1,180 1,160 1,050 1,020 A USE SALT (a) Use a caiculator with mean and standard deviation keys to verify that a and s (Round your answers to four decimal places.) ppm ppm ppm ppm (b) Let , be the population mean for x, and let be the…Inorganic phosphorous is a naturally occurring element in all plants and animals, with concentrations increasing progressively up the food chain (fruit < vegetables < cereals < nuts < corpse). Geochemical surveys take soil samples to determine phosphorous content (in ppm, parts per million). A high phosphorous content may or may not indicate an ancient burial site, food storage site, or even a garbage dump. Independent random samples from two regions gave the following phosphorous measurements (in ppm). Assume the distribution of phosphorous is mound-shaped and symmetric for these two regions. Region I: x1; n1 = 15 857 1,551 1,230 875 1,080 2,330 1,850 1,860 2,340 1,080 910 1,130 1,450 1,260 1,010 Region II: x2; n2 = 14 538 808 790 1,230 1,770 960 1,650 860 890 640 1,180 1,160 1,050 1,020 (a) Use a calculator with mean and standard deviation keys to verify that x1, s1, x2, and s2. (Round your answers to four decimal places.) x1= 1387.5333 ppm s1=…
- Tardigrades, or water bears, are a type of micro-animal famous for their resilience. In examining the effects of radiation on organisms, an expert claimed that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades no longer has a mean of 1150 Gy (grays). (For comparison, humans cannot withstand more than 10 Gy.) A random sample of 25 tardigrade colonies found that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony had a sample mean of 1133 Gy, with a sample standard deviation of 02 Gy. Assume that the population of amounts of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades is appraximately normally distributed. Complete the parts below to perform a hypothesis test to see if there is enough evidence, at the 0.05 level af significance, to support that H, the mean amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades, is not equal to 1150 Cy. (a) State the null hypothesis H, and the alternative hypothesis H, that you would use for…Inorganic phosphorous is a naturally occurring element in all plants and animals, with concentrations increasing progressively up the food chain (fruit < vegetables < cereals < nuts < corpse). Geochemical surveys take soil samples to determine phosphorous content (in ppm, parts per million). A high phosphorous content may or may not indicate an ancient burial site, food storage site, or even a garbage dump. Independent random samples from two regions gave the following phosphorous measurements (in ppm). Assume the distribution of phosphorous is mound-shaped and symmetric for these two regions. Region I: x,; n, = 15 853 1,551 1,230 1,080 2,330 1,850 1,860 875 2,340 1,080 910 1,130 1,450 1,260 1,010 Region II: x,; n, = 14 540 1,230| 1,770 808 790 960 1,650 860 890 640 1,180 1,160 | 1,050 1,020 In USE SALT (a) Use a calculator with mean and standard deviation keys to verify that x,, S,, x2, and s,. (Round your answers to four decimal places.) x, = X1 ppm S1 ppm X2 ppm S2 , = ppm (b) Let…The toco toucan, the largest member of the toucan family, possesses the largest beak relative to body size of all birds. This exaggerated feature has received various interpretations, such as being a refined adaptation for feeding. However, the large surface area may also be an important mechanism for radiating heat (and hence cooling the bird) as outdoor temperature increases. Here are data for beak heat loss, as a percent of total body heat loss from all sources, at various temperatures in degrees Celsius. [Note: The numerical values in this problem have been modified for testing purposes.] Temperature (oC)(oC) 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Percent heat loss from beak 33 32 33 32 39 43 56 48 44 49 44 56 58 60 60 63 The equation of the least-squares regression line for predicting beak heat loss, as a percent of total body heat loss from all sources, from temperature is: (Use decimal notation. Enter the values of the intercept and slope rounded to two…
- Inorganic phosphorous is a naturally occurring element in all plants and animals, with concentrations increasing progressively up the food chain (fruit < vegetables < cereals < nuts < corpse). Geochemical surveys take soil samples to determine phosphorous content (in ppm, parts per million). A high phosphorous content may or may not indicate an ancient burial site, food storage site, or even a garbage dump. Independent random samples from two regions gave the following phosphorous measurements (in ppm). Assume the distribution of phosphorous is mound-shaped and symmetric for these two regions Region I: x1; n1 = 15 855 1550 1230 875 1080 2330 1850 1860 2340 1080 910 1130 1450 1260 1010 Region II: x2; n2 = 14 540 810 790 1230 1770 960 1650 860 890 640 1180 1160 1050 1020 (a) Use a calculator with mean and standard deviation keys to verify that x1, s1, x2, and s2. (Round your answers to one decimal place.) x1 = ppm s1 = ppm x2 = ppm s2 = ppm…Serum estradiol is an important risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. To better understand the etiology of breast cancer, serum-estradiol samples were collected from 25 premenopausal women (at about the same time period of the menstrual cycle) of whom 10 were Caucasian and 15 were African American. The data are shown in Table 7.3. The distribution of serum estradiol is usually highly skewed (especially for premenopausal women), and we are reluctant to assume normality. Table 7.3 Serum estradiol and ethnicity in 25 premenopausal women, where 0=Caucasian and 1=African-American ID Serum_estradiol Ethic 1 94 0 2 54 1 3 31 0 4 21 1 5 46 1 6 56 0 7 18 1 8 19 1 9 12 1 10 14 0 11 25 0 12 35 1 13 22 1 14 71 0 15 43 1 16 35 1 17 42 1 18 50 1 19 44 1 20 41 0 21 28 0 22 65 0 23 31 0 24…In a cohort study of pesticide exposure and cancer, a group of employees who were exposed to the pesticide and a comparative group who were not exposed were followed up for 30 years at a chemical company. Researchers found that the incidence of cancer among the exposed workers was 55.3 per 1,000. In the comparative group, the incidence of cancer was 15.7 per 1,000. Calculate the: 1. relative risk and the 2. attributable risks of exposure of exposure to pesticides and the development of cancer. Please show you calculations. For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). B I U S Paragraph Arial ≡≡ EE X² X₂ CH H+ {} Ⓒ K + V 10pt >¶¶< +₁ ABC ✔ ✓ E A 11 "" Ω V Tx XQ 田く 52 A&A EXE
