What if you designed a CRISPR/cas9 assay for a gene knockout, but there's no PAM sequence immediately downstream of your target site. What happens?  It's fine because you put the PAM sequence in your guide RNA     PAM sequences only apply to real viral infections, not CRISPR assays.      The Cas9 nuclease won't cut at the target site     The guide RNA won't be complementary to the target

Q: 5' UTR OP This region is specific sequence surrounding the start codon. OK OS OT 5' and 3' UTR LEU2…

A: In bacteria, there is a small circular double-stranded extra-chromsomal DNA that can replicate…

Q: Draw out an example of a plasmid operon set up using amp resistance (outside the arabinose operon),…

A: Plasmid is the extrachromosomal DNA generally found in bacteria (prokaryotic cell) that can…

Q: Why must the gene be inserted into a vector for it to be cloned?

A: Vectors are carriers of target DNA which are readily used in recombinant DNA technology. The most…

Q: What removes the Lacl repressor protein so the gene of interest in a plasmid can be induced to be…

A: The lac operon refers to the region present in the DNA of E.coli. It comprises three genes that…

Q: computer applications can be used to translate viral genomic sequence just as you did manually,…

A: The COVID-19 disease is a pandemic that happen in 2019 by the infection of the coronavirus called…

Q: When RNA polymerase transcribes DNA, only one of the two DNA strands is used as a template.…

A: Transcription is the process in which a DNA strand gets transcribes into RNA by the help of RNA…

Q: Discuss how scientists employ a bacteriophagesite-specific recombination system to generateknockin…

A: Knockin mouse is a method in gene recombination in which an exogenous gene of interest is inserted…

Q: As a Master's student in a lab you are given a plasmid vector that has the lacZ operon system and a…

A: INTRODUCTION - Insert recombinant DNA into host cell is called as Plasmid vector. EXPLANATION - STEP…

Q: A disgruntled scholar recently tried to infect their instructor with what appeared the  GVV…

A: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is a method for analyzing entire genomes. It is mainly used for…

Q: The original function of CRISPR-Cas9 in bacteria is to: a. eliminate the function of any gene in…

A: CRISPR-Cas9 It refers to a gene editing tool that depends on the natural defense mechanism present…

Q: Na →→ K

A: An operon is a set/cluster of multiple genes which are transcribed together to produce a single mRNA…

Q: What serves as the template for making new MRNA?

A: In transcription process a template strand  is used to make a new RNA.

Q: The Cas9 enzyme requires a short sequence called a PAM (Protospacer Adjacent Motif) for cleaving the…

A: A protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) is a 2–6 base pair DNA sequence tareted by Cas9 nuclease.

Q: You are assigned to create new MRNA vaccine. You identified target protein (gene) for vaccine and…

A: An mRNA vaccine uses a type of mRNA to induce an immune response in the body example COVID vaccine…

Q: The following events are those of RNA-directed RNA synthesis in Escherichia coli. Place the events…

A: RNA-directed RNA synthesis is the process by which RNA molecules are synthesized using RNA as a…

Q: The following is the 'start' of a gene, the place where the RNA polymerase first starts laying down…

A: The gene is the part of a DNA that is usually undergo transcription and produce a specific RNA. The…

Q: Which of the following computational tools would you use to determine the amino acid sequence…

A: The correct answer is option B. ExPASy Translate.  The computational tool that we would use to…

Q: WHAT is the subject of the figure above? WHAT is the main message of the figure? Give a BRIEF but…

A: Biotechnology is the use of our comprehension of biological processes to develop practical clinical…

Q: The 1000 aa protein (Protein X) you are studying has several putative caspase cleavage sites. You…

A: Western blotting is a molecular biology technique that is used to detect a specific protein from a…

Q: viral and human transcription is different. What molecule is used as a template strand for the viral…

A: Transcription is the process of making RNA copy of a gene sequence. It takes place in nucleus.

Q: You have cloned the protein coding region of the porin gene from a phage into a bacterial cell for a…

A: Generally the phage viruses don't have a transcription or replication machinery they are dependent…

Q: In T4 phage, the initial transcription is carried out by_ Select one: O a. the DNA polymerase…

A: ANSWER;- d) the RNA polymerase encoded by the T4 phage genome. Explain;- T4 phage, the initial…

Q: 7 Pribnow box Sigma factor Hogness box Aminoacyl tRNA synthase Rho factor 8 DNA pol 5 hnRNA RNA pol…

A: Central dogma explains the flow of genetic information in all cells. The three main processes:…

Q: Please select all cellular processes that do NOT rely on RecA protein function as far as we…

A: RecA is a 38kDa recombinase protein found in prokaryotes and is essential for the maintenance,…

Q: Does CRISPR-Cas9 can be replaced p1vir transduction method to create the mutations？why？

A: CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful genome editing tool that enables scientists to make precise changes to the…

Q: 1) Listen Can a bacteriophage only capable of the lytic replication cycle transfer bacterial genes…

A:

Q: Which of the following best explains the natural function to the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid? It…

A: The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Orca is a new type of E. Coli bacterium. Suppa is a nutrient that Orca needs to survive. Suppa can…

A: The lactose operon, also known as the lac operon, is a gene that is actually needed for the…

Q: You are trying to clone you favorite piece of DNA into the PUC vector shown above. You've pulled an…

A: Joachim Messing and colleagues developed a variety of plasmid cloning vectors, including pUC19. The…

Q: What changes can be made to an mRNA transcript to be used in a vaccine in order to change its…

A: mRNA is basically composed of protein encoding ORF, surrounded by 5′ and 3′ UTRs, and a 7-methyl…

Q: What would a scientist need to use CRISPR-Cas system to introduce a specific point mutation into a…

A: When the target DNA is located, Cas9, one of the CRISPR system's enzymes, latches to it and chops…

Q: The light blue RNA strand is complementary to which DNA strand in this figure? To which DNA strand…

A: A gene is a DNA-based functional heredity unit that delivers instructions for the production of RNA…

Q: If tryptophan is presence in the culture media of E.coli then _________.  the promoter will be…

A: This question is based on tryptophan operon. The trp operon is an operon-a group of genes that is…

Q: All the following are characteristics of inducible operons except they are normally inactive they…

A: Inducible operons are catabolic pathways as the enzymes involved in catabolism do not need to be…

Q: How are poly-adenosine tails added to subgenomic mRNAs of RNA viruses? Repeated uracil bases on the…

A: The question is asking about the process of adding poly-adenosine tails to subgenomic mRNAs of RNA…

Q: Microb an mRNA molecule has the sequence 5'UCA GAA AUG CAC3. Which of the following best describes…

A: The mRNA at the third position is AUG and it is called Initiation codon.

Q: THIS EXPERIMENT to transform competent cells and p LBAX plates, you see only white colonies on both…

A: INTRODUCTION Blue colonies therefore show that they'll contain a vector with an uninterrupted lacZα…

Q: Question: You conclude that all the blue colonies contain a plasmid

A: pUC is a plasmid cloning vector which is created by Joachim Messing and co-workers. Restriction…

Q: Describe the three steps of CRISPR-Cas–mediated antiviral defense.

A: CRISPR stands for Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and Cas stands for their…

Q: ORIGIN 1 aagcttctcc accagcgctt tcagctgcgc cagggtctgc tgccggtcct ccgcggcggc 61 gacaggccag gccgactggc…

A: Introduction: Lac operon is a polycistronic structural gene that is regulated by a promoter and…

Q: Bradley did two test PCR experiments with his phage genomic DNA. For one experiment he used G…

A: For categorizing phages, the term 'clusters' is used for groups of similar phages. It aids in…

Q: Ti Vector Plasmid Hfr HIV Bacteriophage

A: Introduction: In molecular biology, a vector is a DNA molecule (usually plasmid or virus) that is…

Q: 2. You are planning to clone a gene into the PBR322 plasmid vector. The gene has Bgl II restriction…

A: Gene cloning is the technique to produce the exact copies of the desired gene by utilizing genetic…

Q: The template in a double strand rna transcription reaction is... dna bicleotid double rna single…

A: RNA is the genetic material of most viruses while DNA is the genetic material of most living…

Q: A number of advances have been made in biotechnology. CRISPR/Cas9 one of the most controversial, and…

A: CRISPR/Cas9 is found in the prokaryote system Cas 9 is an enzyme that cut DNA

Q: CRISPR-Cas9 can be used by scientists to edit genes. This system was not created in a lab, however,…

A: CRISPR-Cas 9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) is a natural mechanism of a…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.