) To better understand how the lacR works, let's start let's approximate the volume ofa bacterial cell by treating it as a cylinder with radius that is 0.5 um and length that is2 um. What is the volume of the cylinder in liters, L)?Next, let's calculate the concentrations of the lacR (ligand) and the operator site(Op) (primary receptor) in this volume. There are 10 lacR molecules in the cell and 1operator site. Using this information calculate [lacR] and [Op] in molar units in onecell? (see eq. 13.17 and 13.18). [lacR] total10 molecules·X·6x102³ molecules mol-¹10-¹5 L2×108 M1(13.17)The concentration of the single operator site in the cell, [Op]total, is given by:1 site1[Op]total =-X-16x1023 sites mol-¹ 10-¹5 L≈2×10⁹ M(13.18)

The bacterial cell is considered as a cylInder. The equation to find volume of cylinder is ''.

Answered: To better understand how the lacR…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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You gathered your data from Lab 4, and found the following values: Total Activity of lysozyme in HEW: 14 units Total Activity of lysozyme in carb 1: 21 units Total amount of protein in HEW: 70 mg Total amount of protein in Carb 1: 15 mg Calculate the extent of purification of lysozyme in Carb 1. 150% 7 fold 70% 15 fold
Histamine acts by binding to specialized membrane proteins called histamine H 1 receptors. These receptors, found in specific cells, are integral membrane proteins that possess seven transmembrane a-helical regions. The amino terminus of the protein is extracellular, while the C-terminus is cytoplasmic. The binding of histamine to the extracellular portion of the H 1 receptor prompts a conformational change in the intracellular C-terminus region of the protein. This conformational change triggers numerous intracellular signaling events that stimulate the immune response in cells containing the receptor. There are numerous anti-histamine drugs available commercially. Some of the most popular are shown here side by side with histamine: HCHS NH- Allegra H2N histamine Claritin Propose a reasonable mode of action by which these antihistamines exert their activity. Include relevant details about the system of your own choosing.
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While studying the secretory pathway, you make the following observation about proteins destined for the ER: Proteins translated in vitro in the absence of microsomes migrate more slowly on an SDS PAGE gel than those translated in the presence of microsomes. What might account for the observed protein size difference? A. SRP, present only in microsomes, and binds to and removes the signal sequence from the protein, resulting in a protein is smaller and migrates more quickly on a gel. B. Signal peptidase, present only in the microsomes, cleaves the signal sequence from the protein, making the protein smaller and therefore migrate more quickly. C. In vitro translated proteins tend to be larger due to a more stable poly A tail D. Signal peptidase, present only in the microsomes, adds a signal sequence to the protein, making the protein larger and therefore migrate more slowly.
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(c) The tube and cylinder diagram to the right illus- trates schematically the potassium channel protein from a bacterium. This channel protein consists of four identical polypeptide chains each comprised of 119 residues. The cyan ribbon illustrates only two of the polypeptide chains. The relative positions of 4 α-helices, one from each poly- peptide chain, are shown as cylinders. The red sphere in the central part of the diagram shows the position of a potas- sium ion identified by X-ray structure analysis. A cesium ion (green sphere) was also found to be stabilized in the same position when cesium chloride was introduced into the crys- tals. The cylinders each represent an α-helix running from Tyr62 to Thr74. Considering the position of the potassium ion, in- dicate on one of the cylinders at which end of the cylinder residue Tyr62 is found and at which end residue Thr74 is found. Explain the basis of your answer? Ala23 Thr119 (d) The N- and C-terminal residues of one of the…
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