The speed of the material ejected in a supernova can be measured by using the Doppler shift of the X-ray emission lines in its spectrum. The images above show real X ray data of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant and a spectrum extracted from that data-you can see several emission lines including the silicon line near 6.6 angstroms (0.66 nm). If the emission line created by silicon normally has a wavelength of 0.6648 nm (nanometers), but is measured in the spectrum to have a wavelength of 0.6599 nm, how fast is the gas moving? km/s (be sure to convert your answer to kilometers!) (Enter a positive value-if you get a negative answer ignore the minus sign.)
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Given:
Observed wavelength = 0.6599 nm
Actual wavelength = 0.6648 nm
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- A main sequence star of mass 25 M⊙has a luminosity of approximately 80,000 L⊙. a. At what rate DOES MASS VANISH as H is fused to He in the star’s core? Note: When we say “mass vanish '' what we really mean is “gets converted into energy and leaves the star as light”. Note: approximate answer: 3.55 E14 kg/s b. At what rate is H converted into He? To do this you need to take into account that for every kg of hydrogen burned, only 0.7% gets converted into energy while the rest turns into helium. Approximate answer = 5E16 kg/s c. Assuming that only the 10% of the star’s mass in the central regions will get hot enough for fusion, calculate the main sequence lifetime of the star. Put your answer in years, and compare it to the lifetime of the Sun. It should be much, much shorter. Approximate answer: 30 million years.. The radius of the nebula is about 0.401 light-years. The gas is expanding away from the star at a rate of about 37 kilometers/second . Considering that distance = velocity x time, calculate how long ago the gas left the star if its speed has been constant the whole time. Make sure you use consistent units for time, speed, and distance. Answer in years.If an X-ray binary consists of a 16 solar mass star and a neutron Star orbiting each other every 15.4 days, what is their average separation? (Hint: Use the version of Keller's third law for binary stars, Ma + Mb = a^3 /p^2 ; make sure you express quantities in unites of AU, solar masses, and years. Assume the mass of a neutron Star is 1.6 solar masses.) ___________ AU
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