The most likely explanation is
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A medical researcher is working on a new treatment for a certain type of cancer. The average survival time after diagnosis on the standard treatment is two years. In an early trial, she tries the new treatment on three subjects who have an average survival time after diagnosis of four years. Although the survival time has doubled, the results are not statistically significant even at the 0.10 significance level. The most likely explanation is |
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A) |
the placebo effect is present, which limits statistical significance. |
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B) |
the sample size is small. |
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C) |
that although the survival time has doubled, in reality the actual increase is really two years. |
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D) |
the calculation was in error. The researchers forgot to include the sample size. |
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