The major phenotype of deficiency of protolithic enzyme alpha-antitrypsin is the destruction of pulmonary alveoli resulting in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema. The gene for this enzyme is highly polymorphic, with more than 70 different alleles described. 90% of white Europeans have MM genotype (normal). Two mutant alleles, S and Z, account for most of the disease associated with alpha-antitrypsin deficiency. The flowing table tabulates frequencies of different clinically important genotypes in the French population. Genotype Frequency MM 0.90 MZ 0.04 SS 0.001 SZ 0.0012 ZZ 0.0004 Using the data presented, calculate the allele frequencies for Z and S.

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Hematology

Hematology is the branch of biology. Hematology is the medical field that deals with the treatment of blood disorders and cancers, such as hemophilia, leukemia, lymphoma, and sickle-cell anemia. Hematologists and hematopathologists are medical professionals who specialize in illnesses of the blood and its components.