The formation of ATP by ATP Synthase is part of a coupled reaction, asdiscussed in class. Given the information below and using what you knowabout ATP Synthase and the proton motive force, calculate the overall AGand determine if the coupled reaction is favorable overall. Note that youdo not need to worry about intermediates like we did for the classexample.ADP + Pi → ATP has a AG = 7.3 kcal/mol2 moles of protons traveling back down their gradient across the innermitochondrial membrane has a AG = -10.28 kcal/mol%3DO a. Overall AG = -17.58 kcal/mol, favorable overallO b. Overall AG = -2.98 kcal/mol, favorable overall%3DO c. Overall AG = 2.98 kcal/mol, unfavorable overallO d. Overall AG = 17.58 kcal/mol, favorable overall

Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which ATP synthesis is coupled to the movement of…

Answered: The formation of ATP by ATP Synthase is…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Discuss how Paul Boyer’s 18O exchange experiment helped to elucidate the formation of ATP by ATP Synthase. Discuss the experimental details. Chemical equations are essential. Discuss the results of his experiments. What did he expect to see? What was surprising about these results? What conclusions did he draw about the synthesis of ATP by ATP synthase?
The standard free energy of hydrolysis of inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is about −20 kJ/mol for each Pi released. We calculated in Worked Example 13–2 that, in a cell, it takes about 50 kJ/mol of energy to synthesize ATPfrom ADP and Pi. Is it feasible for a cell to use polyphosphate to synthesize ATP from ADP? Explain your answer.
a newly identified bacterium called Nomore biochem is unable to synthesize ubiquinone. A mobile electron carrier called CXC3 is used as a substitute. From the information provided in the table, calculate delta G' and Keq value at 298K for the redox reaction that occurs in the Nomore Biochem electron transport chain. (constants: R=8.3 J/degree x mol, F= 96.1 kJ/v x mol Half Reactions E' (V) ubiquinone + 2e- + 2H+--> Ubiquinol + H2 0.045 NAD+ + 2e- + 2H+ --> NADH + H+ -0.320 CXC3 + 2e- + 2H+ --> CXC3H2 -0.450 explain the impact that using CXC3 instead of ubiquinone will have on ATP production in the cell. How might the cell adapt to this situation?
Give only typing answer with explanation and conclusion
Chemical biologists view metabolism's citric acid cycle as its fulcrum. The enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase and the oxidizing agent NAD are involved in an important oxidation. In some cases, the kinetics of the process in yeast are 11th-order. Rate=k[enzyme] [isocitrate]⁴[AMP]²[NAD⁺]m[Mg²⁺] ² In relation to NAD+, what is the logical sequence?
Using understanding of the thermodynamics laws, explain the energy transformations for the following processes. a. Glucose – Pyruvase + 2ATF + 2NADH b. Pyruvate – Acetyl-CoA + NaDH c. Citric acid – Oxoloacetate + 3NaDH + FADH2 + ATP d. H20 at PSII – ATP e. Photon at PSI – NADPH f. Co2 + RuBp – 3PG + ATP + NADPH – G3P (1/6 of which is converted to glucose)
A new ATP-producing protein is discovered that couples ATP production to the oxidation of NADPH by oxidative phosphorylation. Assume that the value of ΔGo for ATP synthesis is 30 kJ•mol−1. If this protein only produces 1 molecule of ATP per reaction that consumes one NADPH: a. How much free energy is wasted, under standard conditions?b. How many more ATP molecules could be created by a perfectly efficient electron transport chain from one NADPH?
Write the No of ATP yield for EMP cycle. To do accounting, write the reaction and show the ATP formed. Assume that for 1 mole of glucose, two EMP cycle is executed.
Consider the reaction: malate + NAD+ → oxaloacetate + NADH + H+. Calculate ΔE°’ for the reaction.
As a result of an experiment following measurements were obtained from a cell: ATP concentration of 0.5 mM, ADP concentration of 0.1 mM, inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentration of 2 mM. Under these conditions calculate the actual free energy (AG) of the reaction of hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi. (The standard energy (AG°) of ATP = -31 kJ/mol; RT = 2,58 kJ/mol) Select one: O a. -28 kJ/mol O b. -33 kJ/mol OC. -19 kJ/mol O d. -42 kJ/mol
Free energy changes under intracellular conditions differ markedly from those determined under standard conditions. ΔG°′ = -32.2 kJ/mol for ATP hydrolysis to ADP and Pi. Calculate ΔG for ATP hydrolysis in a cell at 37 °C that contains [ATP] = 3 mM, [ADP] = 1 mM, and 3Pi4 = 1 mM.
The AG of the reaction C6H12O6 + 60₂ --> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O is -686 kcal/mol glucose oxidized. The AG of the reaction ADP + P₁ --> ATP + H₂O is + 7.3 kcal/mol ATP synthesized. The oxidation of glucose can be coupled to the synthesis of ATP. If the coupling is 50% efficient, how many molecules of ATP can be synthesized per molecule of glucose oxidized? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.

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