The following events elicit an antibody response to a T-dependent antigen (Ag). Put them in order and indicate which one would happen third (of the five answers as shown, not necessarily number 3 on a lecture slide or text diagram). Ag-presenting cell displays Ag fragments next to self (MHC) molecule on its surface Helper T cell (TH) activates an appropriate B cell Helper T cell (TH) specific for the Ag binds to MHC-Ag complex B cell differentiates into a plasma cell; secretes antibodies specific for the Ag Ag-presenting cell phagocytizes Ag-carrying microbe

Q: Why is it beneficial for a B cell to become anergic if no TH recognizes an antigen fragment that the…

A: Generally B cell responses to antigen require the interaction of B cells with T helper cells.…

Q: Virus-specific T cell subset found in the brain after infection with the virus in question is= CD4+…

A: Tissue resident memory T cells (TRM) constitute a recently identified T cell lineage that is…

Q: Which of the following is not associated with killing by a cytotoxic T cell? View Available Hint(s)…

A: T cells are type of lymphocytes ( WBC )  that play vital role in Adaptive immunity . They are formed…

Q: Identify the cells that display MHC class I and MHC class IIproteins on their surfaces

A: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a group of genes that code for proteins found on the…

Q: Why would a virus that can interfere with a host cell’s production of MHC class I molecules be at an…

A: The body has its mechanism which acts as the defense system for the body. It recognizes the foreign…

Q: Naive T cells in CD69-knockout mice might: Group of answer choices   Have a defect in recognizing…

A: The immune system has two types of about trillion lymphocytes cells, called B-lymphocytes and…

Q: A. When specific antibodies bind to virus particles the virus is "neutralized." What does this mean?…

A: The immune system of the body produces antibodies, which are protective proteins. They bind to…

Q: Class switching is initiated by T-cell activation via CD40 ligation. You are working with a mouse…

A: Class switching, also known as isotype switching, is a process in B cells that involves changing the…

Q: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model of the human diseaseMULTIPLE…

A: T cells enter the central nervous system by transporting across the endothelial blood-brain barrier…

Q: Describe the interaction between a dendritic cell and a helper T cell that can recognize an Ebola…

A: Antigens are foreign elements that stimulate the production of antibodies by activation of the…

Q: A patient has contracted an upper respiratory infection caused by a virus. Her initial adaptive…

A: Immunity is the body’s ability to resist and eliminate the potential harmful foreign invaders to…

Q: What occurs in a cell-mediated immune response? Select all that apply.

A: This form of adaptive immune response is mediated by the T lymphocytes and gives immunity Against…

Q: // Which of the following is NOT true of Helper T cells. It recognizes virus peptides on an…

A: The immune system of the body is the system which protects the body against attack by foreign…

Q: If a B cell receptor does not pass selection, is it better to be self-reactive against a…

A: In the primary lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes and spleen, the selection is positive and…

Q: Which of the following statement is TRUE about effector cells? (Select all that apply)…

A: Effector cells are produced once adaptive immune response is activated because adaptive immune cells…

Q: The figure below shows the primary and secondary immune responses to an antigen. Which of the…

A: Immune system is a defensive system that works as a shield and form immunity for body and protect…

Q: Describes the relationship of the following terms using short terms: IL-2 receptor Lymph Node…

A: Lymphocytes are the one among the white blood cells of immune response. They help in fight against…

Q: Indicate whether each of the cell components or processes given is involved in the processing and…

A: Antigens are the foreign proteins or any other substances that are present on microbes or changes in…

Q: What will be the direct result of the interaction shown in this figure? CD4 TCR CD28 Epitope CD80…

A: The adaptive immune system is a specific defense mechanism that recognizes a foreign antigen or…

Q: (b) Label the following figure that shows the sequence of events by which cytotoxic T cells destroy…

A: Introduction  A length of nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA), encased in a protein coat, makes up a…

Q: Compare and contrast CD4 and CD8 T cells. Include in your response references to structure,…

A: T cells are the type of lymphocytes present in the blood. T cells are components of the adaptive…

Q: What occurs in a cell-mediated immune response? Select all that apply

A: Cell-mediated immune response is the type of immune response that involves activation of specialized…

Q: T-cell receptor 8-chain gene CD3 complex CD8 CD4 beta-2 microglobulin Drag answer here Drag answer…

A: Introduction MHC is the Major Histocompatibility Complex that encodes various genes which are…

Q: Which of the following steps are part of the processing of antigen by immune cells? Select all that…

A: Antigen processing It is also called the cytosolic pathway. It i.s an immunological process which…

Q: Allergic reactions to penicillins are considered a/an hypersensitivity. T-cell-mediated O…

A: Hypersensitivity is a condition in which the normally protective immune system has harmful effect on…

Q: Negative selection NK cell Positive selection Regulatory T cell Sphigosine-1-phosphate (S1P)…

A:

Q: A killer T-cell is an antibody producing plasma cell. O True O False

A: Immune cells are involved in protecting the body against pathogen.

Q: A monoclonal antibody molecule has only one Fab domain, while a polyclonal antibody has two Fab…

A: An Antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly…

Q: True or false B cells are responsible for cellular immunity Cytotoxic t cells recognize class 1…

A: White blood cells or WBCs are the parts of immune system that protect the body against foreign…

Q: During fetal development, T and B lymphocytes undergo a process that prepares them to react only to…

A: B cells are type of lymphocyte that fight bacteria and viruses by making Y -shaped proteins called…

Q: Which of the following best describes the function of IgA antibodies? O Allergy response O Defense…

A: IgA antibodies play a crucial role in the defense against pathogens at mucosal surfaces, such as…

Q: What are the kind of cells that can target and process pathogen-associated molecular patterns…

A: The pathogens are described as those organisms that are capable of causing diseases. These includes…

Q: A number of pathogens produce superantigens, which induce a massive production of cytokines by CD4 T…

A: Superantigens are potent immunostimulatory molecules produced by various pathogens, including…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.