The enzyme glucose oxidase isolated from the mold Penicillium notatum catalyzes the oxidation of B-D-glucose to D-glucono-8-lactone. The enzyme is highly specific for the B anomer of glucose and does not affect the a anomer. In spite of this specificity, the reaction catalyzed by glucose oxidase is commonly used in a clinical assay for total blood glucose -that is, for solutions consisting of a mixture of B- and a-D-glucose, as well as other sugars present in blood. The oxidation proceeds in the presence of oxygen and forms hydrogen peroxide, in addition to the lactone. A second enzyme, called peroxidase, catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with colorless compounds to create a colored product, which is quantified with a simple spectrophotometer. What are the circumstances required to make this possible? Aside from allowing the detection of smaller quantities of glucose, what advantage does glucose oxidase offer over the Fehling's reagent for measuring blood glucose?
The enzyme glucose oxidase isolated from the mold Penicillium notatum catalyzes the oxidation of B-D-glucose to D-glucono-8-lactone. The enzyme is highly specific for the B anomer of glucose and does not affect the a anomer. In spite of this specificity, the reaction catalyzed by glucose oxidase is commonly used in a clinical assay for total blood glucose -that is, for solutions consisting of a mixture of B- and a-D-glucose, as well as other sugars present in blood. The oxidation proceeds in the presence of oxygen and forms hydrogen peroxide, in addition to the lactone. A second enzyme, called peroxidase, catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with colorless compounds to create a colored product, which is quantified with a simple spectrophotometer. What are the circumstances required to make this possible? Aside from allowing the detection of smaller quantities of glucose, what advantage does glucose oxidase offer over the Fehling's reagent for measuring blood glucose?
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Nucleotides
It is an organic molecule made up of three basic components- a nitrogenous base, phosphate,and pentose sugar. The nucleotides are important for metabolic reactions andthe formation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).
Nucleic Acids
Nucleic acids are essential biomolecules present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and viruses. They carry the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins and cellular replication. The nucleic acids are of two types: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The structure of all proteins and ultimately every biomolecule and cellular component is a product of information encoded in the sequence of nucleic acids. Parts of a DNA molecule containing the information needed to synthesize a protein or an RNA are genes. Nucleic acids can store and transmit genetic information from one generation to the next, fundamental to any life form.
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Transcribed Image Text:The enzyme glucose oxidase isolated from the mold Penicillium notatum catalyzes the oxidation of
B-D-glucose to D-glucono-6-lactone. The enzyme is highly specific for the B anomer of glucose and does
not affect the a anomer. In spite of this specificity, the reaction catalyzed by glucose oxidase is
commonly used in a clinical assay for total blood glucose -that is, for solutions consisting of a mixture of
B- and a-D-glucose, as well as other sugars present in blood. The oxidation proceeds in the presence of
oxygen and forms hydrogen peroxide, in addition to the lactone. A second enzyme, called peroxidase,
catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with colorless compounds to create a colored product,
which is quantified with a simple spectrophotometer. What are the circumstances required to make this
possible? Aside from allowing the detection of smaller quantities of glucose, what advantage does
glucose oxidase offer over the Fehling's reagent for measuring blood glucose?
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