Table 9.2 shows that DGo’ for the aldolase reaction is large, and positive, yet the reaction proceeds in the forward direction. Using the metabolite concentrations in table 9.3, calculate the actual DG in the cell for the reaction to show that it is consistent with the value reported in table 9.2. Explain in words the strategy the cell uses to keep glycolysis moving in the forward direction (1-2 sentences). ReactionTable 9.21. Glucose + ATP →Glucose-6-phosphate+ ADP2. Glucose-6-phosphate → Fructose-6-phosphate3. Fructose-6-phosphate + ATP →Fructose-1,6- bisphosphate + ADP4. Fructose-1,6- bisphosphateDihydroxyacetone phosphate +Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate5. Dihydroxyacetone phosphateGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate6. Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate + Pi +NAD › 1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate +NADH + H*8. 3-Phosphoglycerate → 2-Phosphoglycerate9. 2-PhosphoglyceratePhosphoenolpyruvate + H20Enzyme10. Phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP →Pyruvate + ATPHexokinasePhosphoglucoisomerasePhosphofructokinase-1AldolaseGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase7. 1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate + ADP → 3- | Phosphoglycerate kinase -18.8Phosphoglycerate + ATPPhosphoglycerate mutaseAGO (kJ/mol)-16.7Triose phosphate isomerase +7.5Enolase+1.7Pyruvate kinase-14.2+23.8+6.3+4.6+1.7-31.4 Table 9.3MetaboliteGlucoseGlucose-6-phosphate 0.083Fructose-6-phosphateFructose-1,6-bisphosphateDihydroxyacetone phosphateGlyceraldehyde-3-phosphate1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate3-Phosphoglycerate2-PhosphoglyceratePhosphoenolpyruvatePyruvateATPADPPiConcentration (mm)50.0830.0140.0310.1380.0190.0040.1180.0300.0230.0511.850.1381

Answered: Table 9.2 shows that DGo’ for the…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

Table 9.2 shows that DG^o’ for the aldolase reaction is large, and positive, yet the reaction proceeds in the forward direction. Using the metabolite concentrations in table 9.3, calculate the actual DG in the cell for the reaction to show that it is consistent with the value reported in table 9.2. Explain in words the strategy the cell uses to keep glycolysis moving in the forward direction (1-2 sentences).

Reaction
Table 9.2
1. Glucose + ATP →
Glucose-6-phosphate
+ ADP
2. Glucose-6-phosphate → Fructose-6-
phosphate
3. Fructose-6-phosphate + ATP →
Fructose-1,6- bisphosphate + ADP
4. Fructose-1,6- bisphosphate
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate +
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
5. Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
6. Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate + Pi +
NAD › 1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate +
NADH + H*
8. 3-Phosphoglycerate → 2-
Phosphoglycerate
9. 2-Phosphoglycerate
Phosphoenolpyruvate + H20
Enzyme
10. Phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP →
Pyruvate + ATP
Hexokinase
Phosphoglucoisomerase
Phosphofructokinase-1
Aldolase
Glyceraldehyde-3-
phosphate dehydrogenase
7. 1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate + ADP → 3- | Phosphoglycerate kinase -18.8
Phosphoglycerate + ATP
Phosphoglycerate mutase
AGO (kJ/mol)
-16.7
Triose phosphate isomerase +7.5
Enolase
+1.7
Pyruvate kinase
-14.2
+23.8
+6.3
+4.6
+1.7
-31.4

Table 9.3
Metabolite
Glucose
Glucose-6-phosphate 0.083
Fructose-6-phosphate
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
3-Phosphoglycerate
2-Phosphoglycerate
Phosphoenolpyruvate
Pyruvate
ATP
ADP
Pi
Concentration (mm)
5
0.083
0.014
0.031
0.138
0.019
0.004
0.118
0.030
0.023
0.051
1.85
0.138
1

Expert Solution

Step 1

The aldolase reaction is a reversible reaction that occurs in the second stage of glycolysis, converting fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into two triose phosphates, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. The reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme aldolase and is important for breaking down glucose into pyruvate to produce ATP for cellular energy.