sites on the sli lymerase is n assembly facte proteins all in loader. Thus, the enzymes tl 40. Which repair system is tightly coupled to transcription? Why is it important to rep RNA polymerase quickly? 41. What is translesion DNA synthesis and when is it used? Why is it a last resort? Dc dsDNA? 42. What are the steps of homologous recombination repair? Which proteins are inv homologous sequences and how do they function? DNA SYNTE At the replice simultaneous) SSDNA preser of DNA is brv much more di 43. What are the steps of nonhomologous end joining? 44. When is NHEJ used as a mechanism for DNA repair? Why is it a last resort? Doe over, repair of Chapter 10). 45. Describe the general steps needed for a cell to become cancerous. 46. How do mutations and chromosomal abnormalities affect proteins and lead to 47. What role do cell cycle checkpoints have in cancer? 48. Define a tumor suppressor apnd oncogene and give an example of each. 49. Define the role of ATM in the cell and cancer. NHEJ. Which is preferred and why? Upon DNA damage, ATM decide

Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Chapter28: Dna Metabolism: Replication, Recombination, And Repair
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 10P: Homologous Recombination, Heteroduplex DNA, and Mismatch Repair Homologous recombination in E. coli...
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what is the Role of ATM in the cell and cancer ? 

sites on the sli
lymerase is n
assembly facte
proteins all in
loader. Thus,
the enzymes tl
40. Which repair system is tightly coupled to transcription? Why is it important to rep
RNA polymerase quickly?
41. What is translesion DNA synthesis and when is it used? Why is it a last resort? Dc
dsDNA?
42. What are the steps of homologous recombination repair? Which proteins are inv
homologous sequences and how do they function?
DNA SYNTE
At the replice
simultaneous)
SSDNA preser
of DNA is brv
much more di
43. What are the steps of nonhomologous end joining?
44. When is NHEJ used as a mechanism for DNA repair? Why is it a last resort? Doe
over, repair of
Chapter 10).
45. Describe the general steps needed for a cell to become cancerous.
46. How do mutations and chromosomal abnormalities affect proteins and lead to
47. What role do cell cycle checkpoints have in cancer?
48. Define a tumor suppressor apnd oncogene and give an example of
each.
49. Define the role of ATM in the cell and cancer.
NHEJ. Which is preferred and why?
Upon DNA damage, ATM decide
Transcribed Image Text:sites on the sli lymerase is n assembly facte proteins all in loader. Thus, the enzymes tl 40. Which repair system is tightly coupled to transcription? Why is it important to rep RNA polymerase quickly? 41. What is translesion DNA synthesis and when is it used? Why is it a last resort? Dc dsDNA? 42. What are the steps of homologous recombination repair? Which proteins are inv homologous sequences and how do they function? DNA SYNTE At the replice simultaneous) SSDNA preser of DNA is brv much more di 43. What are the steps of nonhomologous end joining? 44. When is NHEJ used as a mechanism for DNA repair? Why is it a last resort? Doe over, repair of Chapter 10). 45. Describe the general steps needed for a cell to become cancerous. 46. How do mutations and chromosomal abnormalities affect proteins and lead to 47. What role do cell cycle checkpoints have in cancer? 48. Define a tumor suppressor apnd oncogene and give an example of each. 49. Define the role of ATM in the cell and cancer. NHEJ. Which is preferred and why? Upon DNA damage, ATM decide
Expert Solution
Step 1

ATM gene which stands for Ataxia-Telangiectasis Mutated gene is a gene which is responsible for intentifying DNA damages in the cells and initiate its repair.  The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. This protein is an important cell cycle checkpoint kinase that phosphorylates; thus, it functions as a regulator of a wide variety of downstream proteins, including tumor suppressor proteins p53 and BRCA1, checkpoint kinase CHK2, checkpoint proteins RAD17 and RAD9, and DNA repair protein NBS1.

Thus, it is of utmost importance to the cell.

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