Q4 / Equipment ratings for the four - bus power system shown in Figure are given as follows: TI 73 60 500 Generator GI: 500 MVA, 13.8 KV. X = X2 = 0.20. Xo = 0.10 per unit Generator G2: 750 MVA, 18 KV.X = X2 = 0.18, Xo = 0,09 per unit Generator G3: 1000 MVA, 20 kV, X = 0.17. Xz = 0.20.Xo = 0.09 per unit Transformer Ti: 500 MVA, 13.8 kV A / S00 kV Y. X = 0.12 per unit Transformer T2: 750 MVA, 18 LV A / 500 kV Y, X = 0.10 per unit Transformer T3: 1000 MVA, 20 kV A / 500 kV Y. X = 0.10 per unit each line: X = 50 ohms, X, = 150 ohms 77 The inductor connected to generator G3 neutral has a reactance of 0.028 pu. Draw the zero-, positive-, and negative - sequence reactance diagrams using a 1000 - MVA, 20 - KV base in the zone of generator G3

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Fault Analysis

In an electrical engineering system, a fault is an abnormal electric current flowing through the system, and fault analysis is the study of these faults. For instance, a short-circuit is a fault where the live wire touches the ground or neutral wire. If a circuit is interrupted by a failure of a current-carrying wire then an open circuit fault occurs. The open-circuit faults are also called series faults. One or more phases or ground may be involved in a three-phase fault or may occur only between two phases. Current flows into the earth in case of a ground fault or earth fault. For most situations, the prospective short circuit current of a fault that is predictable can be calculated. To limit the loss of service because of a failure, the protective devices can detect fault conditions and operate circuit breakers and also other devices. All phases equally can be affected in a poly-phase system which is known as symmetric electrical fault. The asymmetric fault becomes more complicated to analyze if only some phases are affected. By using methods such as symmetrical components, the power system analysis of these types of faults is often simplified. The main objective of power system protection is to design, detect, and interrupt power system faults.