Provide the structure of the REACTANTS and PRODUCTS Step Reactants/ substrates Enzyme function Product 1 Acetyl CoA and acyl-carrier protein(ACP) and Malonyl CoA and ACP Acetyl transacylase and Malonyl transacylase transfers the acyl and the malonyl moiety to the holo-ACP molecule. Acetyl ACP and CoA and Malonyl ACP and CoA 2 Acetyl ACP and Malonyl ACP acyl-malonyl ACP condensing enzyme catalyzes the condensation reaction. Acetoacetyl ACP 3 Acetoacetyl ACP beta-ketoacyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction and the NADPH is used as the reducing agent. D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. 4 D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. 9-hydroxyacyl ACP dehydratase enzyme catalyzes the dehydration reaction. Crotonyl ACP 5 Crotonyl ACP Enoyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction. Butyryl ACP 6 Butyryl ACP condensation reaction C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP 7 C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP Ketoacyl-ACP reductase catalyzed the reduction reaction C6-acyl ACP 8 Palmitoyl ACP thioesterase enzymes catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction. palmitate and HS-ACP.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain, also known as the electron transport system, is a group of proteins that transfer electrons through a membrane within mitochondria to create a gradient of protons that drives adenosine triphosphate (ATP)synthesis. The cell uses ATP as an energy source for metabolic processes and cellular functions. ETC involves series of reactions that convert redox energy from NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) + hydrogen (H)) and FADH2(flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)) oxidation into proton-motive force(PMF), which is then used to synthesize ATP through conformational changes in the ATP synthase complex, a process known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Metabolism
Picture a campfire. It keeps the body warm on a cold night and provides light. To ensure that the fire keeps burning, fuel needs to be added(pieces of wood in this case). When a small piece is added, the fire burns bright for a bit and then dies down unless more wood is added. But, if too many pieces are placed at a time, the fire escalates and burns for a longer time, without actually burning away all the pieces that have been added. Many of them, especially the larger chunks or damp pieces, remain unburnt.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the cellular process involved in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules from the organic nutritional source obtained from the diet. It is a universal process observed in all types of life forms. The glucose (chemical formula C6H12O6) molecules are the preferred raw material for cell respiration as it possesses a simple structure and is highly efficient in nature.
Provide the structure of the REACTANTS and PRODUCTS
| Step | Reactants/ substrates | Enzyme function | Product |
| 1 |
Acetyl CoA and acyl-carrier protein(ACP) and Malonyl CoA and ACP |
Acetyl transacylase and Malonyl transacylase transfers the acyl and the malonyl moiety to the holo-ACP molecule. |
Acetyl ACP and CoA and Malonyl ACP and CoA |
| 2 | Acetyl ACP and Malonyl ACP | acyl-malonyl ACP condensing enzyme catalyzes the condensation reaction. | Acetoacetyl ACP |
| 3 | Acetoacetyl ACP | beta-ketoacyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction and the NADPH is used as the reducing agent. | D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. |
| 4 | D-3-hydroxybutyryl ACP. | 9-hydroxyacyl ACP dehydratase enzyme catalyzes the dehydration reaction. | Crotonyl ACP |
| 5 | Crotonyl ACP | Enoyl ACP reductase enzyme catalyzes the reduction reaction. | Butyryl ACP |
| 6 | Butyryl ACP | condensation reaction | C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP |
| 7 | C6-beta-ketoacyl ACP | Ketoacyl-ACP reductase catalyzed the reduction reaction | C6-acyl ACP |
| 8 | Palmitoyl ACP | thioesterase enzymes catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction. | palmitate and HS-ACP. |
Overall reaction:
Acetyl-CoA+7Malonyl-CoA+14NADPH→Palmitate+7 CO2+14 NADP++8CO2
PS Same question was already answered in bartleby, I reasked this question to validate if the answer is correct.
PSS Not a graded question
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