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Provide a reasonable step-wise mechanism for the reaction below, involving TPP as a coenzyme (can abbreviate the pyrophosphate as R), and invoking any general acids or base from acetolactate synthase that you might need .

Provide a reasonable step-wise mechanism for the reaction below, involving TPP as a coenzyme (can abbreviate the pyrophosphate as R), and invoking any general acids or base from acetolactate synthase that you might need .

Biochemistry
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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Provide a reasonable step-wise mechanism for the reaction below, involving TPP as a
coenzyme (can abbreviate the pyrophosphate as R), and invoking any general acids or base from
acetolactate synthase that you might need .

The image illustrates a chemical reaction involving acetolactate synthase, an enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of pyruvate (2) in the presence of a proton (H⁺) and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) as a cofactor. This reaction results in the formation of acetolactate and the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂). **Reaction Details:** 1. **Reactants:** - **Two pyruvate molecules** (depicted with the structure CH₃COCOO⁻). - **Proton (H⁺).** 2. **Enzyme and Cofactor:** - **Acetolactate synthase** facilitates the reaction. - **Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)** is used as a cofactor. 3. **Products:** - **Acetolactate** (shown as having a hydroxy group and a ketone with the COO⁻ group). - **Carbon dioxide (CO₂)** is released as a by-product. This biochemical process is an essential step in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids like valine and leucine.
Transcribed Image Text:The image illustrates a chemical reaction involving acetolactate synthase, an enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of pyruvate (2) in the presence of a proton (H⁺) and thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) as a cofactor. This reaction results in the formation of acetolactate and the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂). **Reaction Details:** 1. **Reactants:** - **Two pyruvate molecules** (depicted with the structure CH₃COCOO⁻). - **Proton (H⁺).** 2. **Enzyme and Cofactor:** - **Acetolactate synthase** facilitates the reaction. - **Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)** is used as a cofactor. 3. **Products:** - **Acetolactate** (shown as having a hydroxy group and a ketone with the COO⁻ group). - **Carbon dioxide (CO₂)** is released as a by-product. This biochemical process is an essential step in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids like valine and leucine.
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