:O: NH, CN :NH2 NH3 hydrolysis R H. CN R a-amino acids can be prepared by the Strecker synthesis, a two-step process in which an aldehyde is treated with ammonium cyanide, followed by hydrolysis of the amino nitrile intermediate with aqueous acid. Propose a mechanism for the illustrated step of the reaction by drawing rezction arrows to show the movement of electrons. Arrow-pushing Instructions :0: :ö: :NH3 "NH3 R R

:O: NH, CN :NH2 NH3 hydrolysis R H. CN R a-amino acids can be prepared by the Strecker synthesis, a two-step process in which an aldehyde is treated with ammonium cyanide, followed by hydrolysis of the amino nitrile intermediate with aqueous acid. Propose a mechanism for the illustrated step of the reaction by drawing rezction arrows to show the movement of electrons. Arrow-pushing Instructions :0: :ö: :NH3 "NH3 R R

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Identify the product obtained in the hydrolysis of the following cyclic acid anhydride. CH₂ A) HOT B) C) НО D) HO H₂O, HCI (complete hydrolysis) w O OH + CH₂NH₂& H OH OH CH, SH,& CHÍNH CHÍNH CH
H3C H3C H3C OH Amides can be hydrolyzed to yield carboxylic acids. The conditions are much more severe than those for other carboxylic acid derivatives. Acidic hydrolysis occurs by addition of water to the protonated carbonyl, followed by proton transfer to make the nitrogen a better leaving group. The reactions are reversible, and the reaction is driven to completion by protonation of NH3 at the end. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions NOC XT .H + NH3 NH₂ -OH H3O+ H₂O: NH3 H3C :0: OH NH3 H3O+
How would you prepare 3-phenyl-1-propanamine (C&H-CH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂) from C&H,CH₂CH₂CHO C HẠCH,CH,CHO Select the correct reagent for A. Ⓡ (CH,ANH, ơi (CH₂)NO > C HẠCH,CH,CH;NH, NaBH, CN CHÍNH, Ố NH₁ ?
Sarin's biological effects are due to its reaction with a serine residue in the active site of acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that is very important in nerve transmission. Select the true statement. Fluorine is the leaving group in Sarin. The active site amine reacts with Sarin. Isopropoxide is the leaving group in Sarin. Phosphine is the leaving group in Sarin.
The formula for the danger sign pheromone for a species of ant is C7H7O. When treated with I2 NaOH, this pheromone produces iodoform and n-hexanoic acid. How is this pheromone structure?
Primary amines can be converted into secondary amines by reaction with haloalkanes. This reaction is difficult to achieve in the lab because of the large number of byproducts. Select the possible products or byproducts of the reaction. H3C-NH2 The products and `Br byproducts are: (1 equiv) (1 equiv) O B D Bre HN CH, O I E A B D F Br H Br O O K E O Br O OG O A J K O O O O O O O O
2.1 Draw the mechanism for the base catalyzed tautomerization below: NaOH/H₂O HO 'N HN 2.2 There is a bond rotation about one N-C bond that leads to a conformational change between the two tautomers. What drives this conformational change when moving from the compound on the left to the compound on the right?
H₂C OEt H₂C OEt 1. NaOEt, EtOH 2. H₂O* H₂C EtOH OEt Esters, like aldehydes and ketones, are weakly acidic. Treatment of an ester with 1 equivalent of a strong base, such as sodium ethoxide, causes a reversible carbonyl condensation to occur that forms a ẞ-ketoester. This reaction is known as the Claisen condensation. The tetrahedral intermediate thus formed expels an alkoxide leaving group to give an acyl substitution product, a ẞ-ketoester. The steps leading up to this point are all reversible. The best yields for the Claisen condensation are obtained when the starting ester has more than one acidic a-hydrogen. In these cases, a second deprotonation of the a-carbon drives the reaction equilibrium toward the product, thus requiring a full equivalent of base instead of a catalytic amount. Subsequent protonation with dilute aqueous acid resultsn a high yield of the final product. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing…
H₂C CH-COOH +CH,CH(CH,)NH, heat ال ال ال سي او Reaction C Incorrect heat H₂C=CC=C H₂ Reaction D H H CIN H py H₂ CH₂ CH₂ H₂C H I C "COOH +CH,CH(CH,NH, H CH₂ Incorrect Draw the amide formed when isopropylamine (CH₂CH(CH³)NH₂) (CH3CH(CH3)NH₂) is heated with each carboxylic acid. Include all hydrogen atoms. What did I do wrong? H V H-C H I H H H C-C H H 0 "1 H H с H
In the chapter, we stated that the imine in this reaction is reduced. Verify that this is the case by calculating the oxidation state of the C and N atoms of the C=N group before and after the reaction has taken place. Does the imine gain electrons? If so, how many? NABH4 CH;OH
1. Cetrizine is a nonsedating antihistamine. The first step in a synthesis of cetirizine involves the following Grignard reaction. Give the major product and propose a reasonable mechanism for the following reaction: H CI 1) 2) HCI, H₂O MgBr diethyl ether
When an α-hydroxy amide is treated with Br2 in aqueous NaOH under Hofmann rearrangement conditions, loss of CO2 occurs and a chain-shortened aldehyde is formed. The mechanism involves the following steps: Base abstracts an acidic amide proton, yielding amide anion 1; The amide anion reacts with bromine in an α-substitution reaction to give N-bromoamide 2. Abstraction of the remaining amide proton by base gives a resonance-stabilized bromoamide anion 3; Rearrangement occurs to yield isocyanate 4; Water adds to the isocyanate to yield carbamic acid 5; Elimination of CO2 yields carbinolamine 6; Following proton transfer, expulsion of ammonia yields the final product aldehyde. Write out the mechanism and then draw the structures of bromoamide anion 3 and amide anion 1.