New nucleotides are added at an estimated rate of about 42-54 nucleotides per second in bacteria (Dennis & Bremer, 1974), while eukaryotes proceed at a much slower pace of approximately 22-25 nucleotides per second. Is it because of the origin of replication and their different numbersQ. What might be a reason for that

New nucleotides are added at an estimated rate of about 42-54 nucleotides per second in bacteria (Dennis & Bremer, 1974), while eukaryotes proceed at a much slower pace of approximately 22-25 nucleotides per second. Is it because of the origin of replication and their different numbersQ. What might be a reason for that

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter11: Genome Alterations: Mutation And Epigenetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 18QP: Replication involves a period of time during which DNA is particularly susceptible to the...

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Why is DNA replication is considered a semi-discontinuous process? Explain in detail.
The Meselson-Stahl experiment provided strong evidence that DNA replication was conservative, by alternately growing bacteria in medium with heavy 15N and light 14N. If DNA replication were dispersive, what result would Meselson and Stahl have observed after the first round of DNA replication in light nitrogen? Group of answer choices Two bands, one at the location for pure 15N and one at the location for pure 14N. One band, located half way between the locations for pure 15N and pure 14N. Two bands, one at the location for pure 15N and one located halfway between the locations for pure 15N and pure 14N. None of these Three bands, one at the location for pure 15N, one at the location for pure 14N, and one at a location halfway between.
In the experiment of Mesel- Question 3 son and Stahl on DNA replication, if the cells are cultured for many generations in a medium containing heavy nitrogen (N 15) and thereafter transferred to a medium containing only light nitrogen (N 14), what percentage of double- stranded DNA is composed of two heavy chains after one generation? A 25 B 75 C 0 D 50 E 100
Suppose that 28% of the nucleotides in a DNA moleculeare deoxythymidine 5′- monophosphate, and that duringDNA replication the percentage amounts of availablenucleotide bases are 22% A, 22% C, 28% G, and 28% T.Which base would be depleted first in the replicationprocess?
1) A bacterial chromosome contains 6.4 million nucleotides of DNA. If synthesis at each replication fork occurs at a rate of 1800 nucleotides per second, how many minutes will it take to completely replicate the chromosome with theta replication? 2) What different mRNA sequences can code for a polypeptide chain with the amino acid sequence Met-Trp-Ile? (Include the stop codon)
What are the three models of DNA replication? With the aid of illustrations, show how the Meselson Stahl experiment come to the conclusion of one model of DNA replication. Is DNA replication bidirectional? How did you arrive at this conclusion? Explain the bacterial replication model that supports this conclusion.
DNA polymerase occasionally incorporates the wrong nucleotide during DNA replication. If left unrepaired, the base-pair mismatch that results will lead to mutation in the next replication. As part of a template strand, the incorporated wrong base will direct the incorporation of a base complementary to itself, so the bases on both strands of the DNA at that position will now be different from what they were before the mismatch event. The MER-minus strain of yeast does not have a functional mismatch excision repair system, but it has normal base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair systems. Which of the following statements is correct about differences in the mutation spectrum between MER-minus and wildtype yeast? More than one answer is correct. Options: More point mutations will arise in MER-minus yeast. Fewer point mutations will arise in MER-minus yeast as compared with wildtype. Of the total point mutations that…
Replication involves a period of time during which DNA is particularly susceptible to the introduction of mutations. If nucleotides can be incorporated into DNA at a rate of 20 nucleotides/second and the human genome contains 3 billion nucleotides, how long will replication take? How is this time reduced so that replication can take place in a few hours?
DNA polymerase occasionally incorporates the wrong nucleotide during DNA replication. If left unrepaired, the base-pair mismatch that results will lead to mutation in the next replication. As part of a template strand, the incorporated wrong base will direct the incorporation of a base complementary to itself, so the bases on both strands of the DNA at that position will now be different from what they were before the mismatch event. The MM-minus strain of yeast does not have a functional mismatch excision repair system, but it has normal base excision repair and nucleotide excision repair systems. Which of the following statements is correct about differences in the mutation spectrum between MMR-minus and wildtype yeast? More than one answer is correct. (a) More point mutations will arise in MMR-minus yeast. Fewer point mutations will arise in MMR-minus yeast as compared with wildtype. (b) Of the total point mutations that do occur, the fraction in which G is replaced by C will be…
Use the first picture for to answer the following questions.
(d) Write down the sequences of the templates that would give the tetranucleotides shown in I and II. In each case, label the 5' and 3' ends and indicate which template base is used first. (e) What difference would it make to bidirectional DNA replication if both modes of chain extension were equally favourable? I II
DNA replication occurs by adding (Note: NTPS = nucleotide triphosphates; dNTPs = deoxynucleotide triphosphates) DNTPS to the 3' end of the template strand NTPS to the 3' end of the daughter strand DNTPS to the 3' end of the daughter strand DNTPS to the 5' end of the template strand NTPS to the 5' end of the daughter strand