Answered: what is it called when chromosomes…

what is it called when chromosomes between species have the same genes, but the genes are on different locations of the chromosome? Collectively same genes, but then are arranged in a different order

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter20: Chromosomes And Human Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5SQ: A chromosomes structure can be altered by _______. a. deletions b. duplications c. translocations d....

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Concept explainers

Genetic Recombination

Recombination is crucial to this process because it allows genes to be reassorted into diverse combinations. Genetic recombination is the process of combining genetic components from two different origins into a single unit. In prokaryotes, genetic recombination takes place by the unilateral transfer of deoxyribonucleic acid. It includes transduction, transformation, and conjugation. The genetic exchange occurring between homologous deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (DNA) from two different sources is termed general recombination. For this to happen, an identical sequence of the two recombining molecules is required. The process of genetic exchange which occurs in eukaryotes during sexual reproduction such as meiosis is an example of this type of genetic recombination.

Microbial Genetics

Genes are the functional units of heredity. They transfer characteristic information from parents to the offspring.

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Which of the following correctly describes the changes in chromosome structure? Deletion: a piece of a chromosome is inveted Inversion: a part of one chromosome becomes attached to another chromosome Translocation: part of a chromosome is copied Translocation: part of one chromosome becomes attached to another chromosome Duplication: a complete chromosome is copied
Why do species usually have a characteristic number of chromosomes? Why don’t we see many species in which chromosome number varies within the species, with some individuals, say, having 2 n = 20 and others having 2 n = 24?
The following gene arrangements in a particular chromosome are found in different geographic regions. The changes in sequence were due to sequential inversions. KLMNOP NOPKML KPONML NOMKPL Assuming that the arrangement in “a” is the original arrangement, in what sequence did the various inversion types arise?
Which of the following chromosome pairs would contain all of the same genes (not necessarily at the same loci)? OA homologous pair of chromosomes after a deletion in one chromosome in the pair A homologous pair of chromosomes after an inversion in one chromosome in the pair A pair of sex chromosomes in a male human A homologous pair of chromosomes after translocation occurs in one chromosome in the pair
What are homologous chromosomes? chromosomes that are present in the same cells. chromosomes that are linked together by a centromere. chromosomes that are identical to each other in DNA sequence. chromosomes that are similar in their size, shape, and gene content. chromosomes that are present within the same species.
A prairie grass species called "little bluestem" is tetraploid. It has four complete sets of chromosomes. There are ten kinds of chromosomes; in other words, each complete set of chromosomes has a total of 10 chromosomes. A single somatic cell (e.g., a cell in a leaf) will have 40 chromosomes, 4 of each kind of chromsome, i.e., 4 of the number 1 chromsome, 4 of the number 2 chromsome, etc. The illustration below shows prophase of meiosis 1 in chromosome number 10. In a diploid cell, there would be one tetrad (group of 4 chromatids) for each kind of chromosome. For example, there would be one tetrad for chromosome 8, one for chromsome 9, etc. When the tetraploid little bluestem undergoes meiosis, how many of chromosome number 10 will each sperm cell carry?
The following gene arrangements in a particular chromosome are found in different geographic regions. The changes in sequence were due to sequential inversions. ABCDEF DECAFB DEFACB AFEDCB Assuming that the arrangement in “a” is the original arrangement, in what sequence did the various inversion types arise?
In an electrophoretic gel across which is applied a powerful electrical alternating pulsed field, the DNA of the haploid fungus Neurospora crassa (n = 7) moves slowly but eventually forms seven bands, which represent DNA fractions that are of different sizes and hence have moved at different speeds. These bands are presumed to be the seven chromosomes. How would you show which band corresponds to which chromosome?
What structures are found in a chromosome? Group of answer choices Two structures for the mitotic spindle to bind, and two complex repetitive structures that are maintained by telomerase One structure for the mitotic spindle to bind, and two complex repetitive structures that are maintained by telomerase One structure for the mitotic spindle to bind, and one complex repetitive structure that is maintained by telomerase Two structures for the mitotic spindle to bind, and one complex repetitive structure that is maintained by telomerase.
Pick the statement about chromosome structure that is FALSE. Gene duplications provide an explanation for the origin of gene families. A position effect occurs when a gene’s expression is altered by virtue of a change in its chromosomal position. Inversions decrease the frequency of recombinate gametes. A paracentric inversion is one whose break points include the centromere. Genes that function abnormally when present in only one copy are called haploinsufficient.
Here is a strawberry karyotype - ignore the different colours. How many chromosomes are shown in the figure? What is the ploidy of this type of strawberry? How many alleles could an individual strawberry have at each locus? Finally during the G2 stage of cell division, how many double helixes would be in this picture if you drew them over the chromosomes? Many domesticated plants are polyploid - give one possible reason why this might be the case, with a focus on using genetic principles to reason it out (i.e., you don't have to be right per se, you have to build an argument based on what you've already learned).
what are chromosome bands and why are they important