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initial reactant intermediates final product pathway 1 A E enzyme 1 enzyme 2 enzyme 3 enzyme 4 pathway 2 F G. enzyme 5 enzyme 6 Using the figure above, discuss for the following cases the consequences for the cell for each how the regulatory scheme. Would the levels of final products E and G increase or decrease if....? a. The final product E inhibits Enzyme 3. b. The product F was positive regulator for Enzyme 2.

initial reactant intermediates final product pathway 1 A E enzyme 1 enzyme 2 enzyme 3 enzyme 4 pathway 2 F G. enzyme 5 enzyme 6 Using the figure above, discuss for the following cases the consequences for the cell for each how the regulatory scheme. Would the levels of final products E and G increase or decrease if....? a. The final product E inhibits Enzyme 3. b. The product F was positive regulator for Enzyme 2.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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### Enzymatic Pathway Regulation #### Diagram Explanation This figure represents a biochemical pathway with different intermediates and the final products derived from an initial reactant. The figure illustrates two pathways, each governed by a series of enzymes facilitating different conversion steps. - **Pathway 1:** - **Initial Reactant (A):** - Converted to Intermediate B by **enzyme 1**. - **Intermediate B:** - Converted to Intermediate C by **enzyme 2**. - **Intermediate C:** - Can proceed in two directions depending on the pathway: - Pathway 2: converted to Intermediate F by **enzyme 5**. - Converted to Intermediate D by **enzyme 3**. - **Intermediate D:** - Converted to final product E by **enzyme 4**. - **Pathway 2:** - Follows conversion from Intermediate C to Intermediate F (as per Pathway 1). - **Intermediate F:** - Converted to final product G by **enzyme 6**. #### Discussion Prompt Using the figure above, discuss the potential effects on the cell for the following cases considering the regulatory schemes. Determine whether the levels of final products E and G would increase or decrease under the specified scenarios: **a. The final product E inhibits Enzyme 3.** - Inhibition of **enzyme 3** by the final product E would likely cause a build-up of Intermediate C. This would result in a decrease in the production of Intermediate D and subsequently the final product E. On the other hand, with more Intermediate C available, there would likely be an increase in the production of Intermediate F and final product G. **b. The product F is a positive regulator for Enzyme 2.** - If **product F** positively regulates **enzyme 2** activity, this would increase the conversion rate of Intermediate B to Intermediate C. Consequently, more Intermediate C would be available for both pathways (Pathway 1 and Pathway 2). Therefore, production of both final product E and final product G would increase. These regulatory mechanisms exemplify feedback inhibition and positive regulation in biochemical pathways, critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Transcribed Image Text:### Enzymatic Pathway Regulation #### Diagram Explanation This figure represents a biochemical pathway with different intermediates and the final products derived from an initial reactant. The figure illustrates two pathways, each governed by a series of enzymes facilitating different conversion steps. - **Pathway 1:** - **Initial Reactant (A):** - Converted to Intermediate B by **enzyme 1**. - **Intermediate B:** - Converted to Intermediate C by **enzyme 2**. - **Intermediate C:** - Can proceed in two directions depending on the pathway: - Pathway 2: converted to Intermediate F by **enzyme 5**. - Converted to Intermediate D by **enzyme 3**. - **Intermediate D:** - Converted to final product E by **enzyme 4**. - **Pathway 2:** - Follows conversion from Intermediate C to Intermediate F (as per Pathway 1). - **Intermediate F:** - Converted to final product G by **enzyme 6**. #### Discussion Prompt Using the figure above, discuss the potential effects on the cell for the following cases considering the regulatory schemes. Determine whether the levels of final products E and G would increase or decrease under the specified scenarios: **a. The final product E inhibits Enzyme 3.** - Inhibition of **enzyme 3** by the final product E would likely cause a build-up of Intermediate C. This would result in a decrease in the production of Intermediate D and subsequently the final product E. On the other hand, with more Intermediate C available, there would likely be an increase in the production of Intermediate F and final product G. **b. The product F is a positive regulator for Enzyme 2.** - If **product F** positively regulates **enzyme 2** activity, this would increase the conversion rate of Intermediate B to Intermediate C. Consequently, more Intermediate C would be available for both pathways (Pathway 1 and Pathway 2). Therefore, production of both final product E and final product G would increase. These regulatory mechanisms exemplify feedback inhibition and positive regulation in biochemical pathways, critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
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