initial reactant intermediates final product pathway 1 A E enzyme 1 enzyme 2 enzyme 3 enzyme 4 pathway 2 F G. enzyme 5 enzyme 6 Using the figure above, discuss for the following cases the consequences for the cell for each how the regulatory scheme. Would the levels of final products E and G increase or decrease if....? a. The final product E inhibits Enzyme 3. b. The product F was positive regulator for Enzyme 2.

Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Chapter23: Fatty Acid Catabolism
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 21P: Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase, give an example of a case in which conserved...
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### Enzymatic Pathway Regulation

#### Diagram Explanation

This figure represents a biochemical pathway with different intermediates and the final products derived from an initial reactant. The figure illustrates two pathways, each governed by a series of enzymes facilitating different conversion steps.

- **Pathway 1:**
  - **Initial Reactant (A):**
    - Converted to Intermediate B by **enzyme 1**.
  - **Intermediate B:**
    - Converted to Intermediate C by **enzyme 2**.
  - **Intermediate C:**
    - Can proceed in two directions depending on the pathway:
      - Pathway 2: converted to Intermediate F by **enzyme 5**.
      - Converted to Intermediate D by **enzyme 3**.
  - **Intermediate D:**
    - Converted to final product E by **enzyme 4**.

- **Pathway 2:**
  - Follows conversion from Intermediate C to Intermediate F (as per Pathway 1).
  - **Intermediate F:**
    - Converted to final product G by **enzyme 6**.

#### Discussion Prompt

Using the figure above, discuss the potential effects on the cell for the following cases considering the regulatory schemes. Determine whether the levels of final products E and G would increase or decrease under the specified scenarios:

**a. The final product E inhibits Enzyme 3.**
   - Inhibition of **enzyme 3** by the final product E would likely cause a build-up of Intermediate C. This would result in a decrease in the production of Intermediate D and subsequently the final product E. On the other hand, with more Intermediate C available, there would likely be an increase in the production of Intermediate F and final product G.

**b. The product F is a positive regulator for Enzyme 2.**
   - If **product F** positively regulates **enzyme 2** activity, this would increase the conversion rate of Intermediate B to Intermediate C. Consequently, more Intermediate C would be available for both pathways (Pathway 1 and Pathway 2). Therefore, production of both final product E and final product G would increase.

These regulatory mechanisms exemplify feedback inhibition and positive regulation in biochemical pathways, critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
Transcribed Image Text:### Enzymatic Pathway Regulation #### Diagram Explanation This figure represents a biochemical pathway with different intermediates and the final products derived from an initial reactant. The figure illustrates two pathways, each governed by a series of enzymes facilitating different conversion steps. - **Pathway 1:** - **Initial Reactant (A):** - Converted to Intermediate B by **enzyme 1**. - **Intermediate B:** - Converted to Intermediate C by **enzyme 2**. - **Intermediate C:** - Can proceed in two directions depending on the pathway: - Pathway 2: converted to Intermediate F by **enzyme 5**. - Converted to Intermediate D by **enzyme 3**. - **Intermediate D:** - Converted to final product E by **enzyme 4**. - **Pathway 2:** - Follows conversion from Intermediate C to Intermediate F (as per Pathway 1). - **Intermediate F:** - Converted to final product G by **enzyme 6**. #### Discussion Prompt Using the figure above, discuss the potential effects on the cell for the following cases considering the regulatory schemes. Determine whether the levels of final products E and G would increase or decrease under the specified scenarios: **a. The final product E inhibits Enzyme 3.** - Inhibition of **enzyme 3** by the final product E would likely cause a build-up of Intermediate C. This would result in a decrease in the production of Intermediate D and subsequently the final product E. On the other hand, with more Intermediate C available, there would likely be an increase in the production of Intermediate F and final product G. **b. The product F is a positive regulator for Enzyme 2.** - If **product F** positively regulates **enzyme 2** activity, this would increase the conversion rate of Intermediate B to Intermediate C. Consequently, more Intermediate C would be available for both pathways (Pathway 1 and Pathway 2). Therefore, production of both final product E and final product G would increase. These regulatory mechanisms exemplify feedback inhibition and positive regulation in biochemical pathways, critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis.
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