Income Statements under Absorption Costing and Variable Costing Gallatin County Motors Inc. assembles and sells snowmobile engines. The company began operations on July 1 and operated at 100% of capacity during the first month. The following data summarize the results for July: Sales (18,500 units) $2,405,000 Production costs (24,000 units): Direct materials $1,154,400 Direct labor 554,400 Variable factory overhead 276,000 Fixed factory overhead 184,800 2,169,600 Selling and administrative expenses: Variable selling and administrative expenses $336,300 Fixed selling and administrative expenses 130,200 466,500 If required, round interim per-unit calculations to the nearest cent. a. Prepare an income statement according to the absorption costing concept.
Variance Analysis
In layman's terms, variance analysis is an analysis of a difference between planned and actual behavior. Variance analysis is mainly used by the companies to maintain a control over a business. After analyzing differences, companies find the reasons for the variance so that the necessary steps should be taken to correct that variance.
Standard Costing
The standard cost system is the expected cost per unit product manufactured and it helps in estimating the deviations and controlling them as well as fixing the selling price of the product. For example, it helps to plan the cost for the coming year on the various expenses.
Income Statements under Absorption Costing and Variable Costing
Gallatin County Motors Inc. assembles and sells snowmobile engines. The company began operations on July 1 and operated at 100% of capacity during the first month. The following data summarize the results for July:
Sales (18,500 units) | $2,405,000 | |||
Production costs (24,000 units): | ||||
Direct materials | $1,154,400 | |||
Direct labor | 554,400 | |||
Variable factory |
276,000 | |||
Fixed factory overhead | 184,800 | 2,169,600 | ||
Selling and administrative expenses: | ||||
Variable selling and administrative expenses | $336,300 | |||
Fixed selling and administrative expenses | 130,200 | 466,500 |
If required, round interim per-unit calculations to the nearest cent.
a. Prepare an income statement according to the absorption costing concept.
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a. Prepare an income statement according to the absorption costing concept.
1. EX.07.02.ALGO
Gallatin County Motors Inc.
Absorption Costing Income Statement
For the Month Ended July 31
2. TMM.07.01
Sales
732,600
X
3. EX.07,12.ALGO
Cost of goods sold
4. EX.07.05.ALGO
Gross profit
5. TMM.07.05
Selling and administrative expenses
Operating income
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a. Under absorption costing, the cost of goods manufactured includes direct materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs. Both fixed and
variable factory costs are included as part of factory overhead.
b. Prepare an income statement according to the variable costing concept.
Gallatin County Motors Inc.
Variable Costing Income Statement
For the Month Ended July 31
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1. EX.07.02.ALGO
2. TMM.07.01
Fixed costs:
3. EX.07,12.ALGO
4. EX.07.05.ALGO
5. TMM.07.05
Feedback
c. What is the reason for the difference in the amount of operating income reported in (a) and (b)?
Under the
- method, the fixed manufacturing cost included in the cost of goods sold is matched with the revenues. Under
, all of the fixed manufacturing cost is deducted in the period in which it is incurred, regardless of the amount of inventory
change. Thus, when inventory increases, the
income statement will have a higher operating income.
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c. Consider what causing the difference in operating income reported under the two methods. There is a need for management to exercise care
in interpreting operating income reported under absorption costing when significant changes in inventory levels occur.
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