In the citric acid cycle, a - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction from a - ketoglutarate to Succinyl CoA. Given this reaction, calculate for the enthalpy of formation of the product using (a) Hess's Law, (b) standard enthalpies of formation and (c) mean bond enthalpies. Show your complete solution. COA-S OOC CH2 CH2 + NAD++ COA + CO2 + NADH CH2 a-ketoglutarate CH2 dehydrogenase COO a-ketoglutarate COO Succinyl CoA

In the citric acid cycle, a - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction from a - ketoglutarate to Succinyl CoA. Given this reaction, calculate for the enthalpy of formation of the product using (a) Hess's Law, (b) standard enthalpies of formation and (c) mean bond enthalpies. Show your complete solution. COA-S OOC CH2 CH2 + NAD++ COA + CO2 + NADH CH2 a-ketoglutarate CH2 dehydrogenase COO a-ketoglutarate COO Succinyl CoA

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079373

Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Chapter23: Organic Polymers, Natural And Synthetic

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 46QAP: Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is metabolized to lactic acid according to the equation...

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Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is metabolized to lactic acid according to the equation C6H12O6(aq)2C3H6O3(aq) G=198 kJ at pH 7.0 and 25°C Glycolysis is the source of energy in human red blood cells. In these cells, the concentration of glucose is 5.0103 M, while that of lactic acid is 2.9103 M. Calculate AG for glycolysis in human blood cells under these conditions. Use the equation G=G+RT In Q, where Q is the concentration quotient, analogous to K.
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One of the important reactions in the biochemical pathway glycolysis is the reaction of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) to form fructose-6-phosphate (F6P): G6P F6P AG-1.7 kJ Phosphoglucose Isomerase 6 CH2OPO, 2- H. CH2OPO3 ICH,OH H. H. HO. H. 1. H. HO. HO. H. 14 B OH H. H. HO. gluco se-6-phosphate fructo se-6-phosphate Standard thermodynamic conditions imply the concentrations of G6P and F6P to be 1 M, however, in a typical cell, they are not even close to these values. Calc kJ when the concentrations of G6P and F6P are 60.0 ×10M and 14.0 x10 M respectively, assume the temperature is 37 °C. (R = 8.314 J/K-mol) O a. -0.1 kJ Ob.-1.1 kJ Oc.-2.1 kJ O d.-3.1 kJ O e.-4.1 kJ
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Chemistry 3.Calculate the amount of free energy required (or released) to allow electron transport in the ETC to be spontaneous from NADH to ubiquinone under standard conditions based on two electrons moving through the system. This occurs at 25°C. ½ O2 + 2e + 2H+ ® H2O E°´ = 0.815 V NAD+ + 2e +H+ ® NADH E°´ = -0.315 V NADP+ + H+ + 2e ® NADPH E°´ = -0.320 V FAD + 2e +2H+ ® FADH2 E°´ = -0.219 V Ubiquinone + 2H + 2e ® Ubiquinol E°´ = 0.045 V