If you examined regions of the parasitophorous vacuole that were coated with host cell IRG proteins, you would expect

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A: The helminths are a type of parasite that has a worm-like structure. They survive by feeding on the…

Q: To put an end to the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines were developed against the virus and people…

A: Vaccines are antigens or proteins that help in eliciting the host immune response against specific…

Q: Suppose you discover a drug that has potential antiviral effect against SARS-CoV2 so you tested its…

A: In microarray, the cDNA of both treated and untreated cells well put together in a well for a…

Q: Write of the following statements is correct?  A. Antigen fragments that bind to MHC class I…

A: Freshly formed proteins that fail to fold or blend properly into the endoplasmic reticulum will be…

Q: Why is a cell-mediated immune response more effective against intracellular microorganisms (such as…

A: The objective of the question is to understand why a cell-mediated immune response is more effective…

Q: how HPV was used to cure cancer? a. The HPV induced a type IV hypersensitivity immune response b.…

A: Human papiloma vaccine used in prophylaxis of cervical cancer

Q: For some time there has been evidence that the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine provides…

A: The vaccine shows its response by acting on the immune system. BCG or bacilli Calmette-Guerin, is a…

Q: Notice the dotted line for a CD4 count of 200. Why is that level important?   A This is the point…

A: HIV and CD4 Count HIV -  human immunodeficiency virus causes Acquired immune deficiency syndrome…

Q: A study by the CDC reported that only 73% of children in some areas of the United States are being…

A: Vaccination is the procedure of injecting a lesser pathogen or a disease's weakened antigen into a…

Q: Which of the following can be answered by immunohistochemistry? Select all that apply. a. Whether…

A: Few important points : Immunohistochemistry is basically a localization of known antigen in tissue…

Q: Which of the following classes of oncogenes would likely be druggable with a small molecule (select…

A: Oncogenes are genes that have the potential to cause cancer. They can be found in normal cells and…

Q: A researcher is examining the distribution of an ion channel protein in the kidney. She incubates…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the part of the kidney where the ion channel protein is…

Q: major cause of septic shock is the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from bacteria in the blood.…

A: Septic shock has high modidity and mortality rate due to its effect on circulation in the body which…

Q: Regarding immune memory, which of the following is CORRECT:  a. immune memory only occurs after…

A: Note: Please note that in order to provide an accurate answer with explanation, and following the…

Q: When an antibody binds to the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, it may block access of the spike protein…

A: Our immune system is  strong enough to fight with the viruses as well as bacteria. Their Prime…

Q: Covid 19 binds to the ACE2 and TMPRS22 receptor to invade a cell. Would these be transmembrane or…

A: SARS-CoV-2 can cause COVID 19. COVID 19 is the name of the disease where as the name of the virus…

Q: Which of the following statements regarding negative selection of B cells is correct? a. Negative…

A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of an organism to fight against infections caused by a…

Q: If you wanted to cure allergies by bioengineering an antibody that would bind and disable the…

A: Antibodies are soluble glycoproteins composed of 4 polypeptide chains of identical light chain and…

Q: Linked recognition is best described as _____. a. the delivery of the co-stimulatory signal by…

A: Humoral immunity involves the activation of lymphocytes (B and T lymphocytes) to provide defence…

Q: A patient has contracted an upper respiratory infection caused by a virus. Her initial adaptive…

A: Immunity is the body’s ability to resist and eliminate the potential harmful foreign invaders to…

Q: Pattern recognition receptors bind to Select one: a. B and T lymphocytes b. Host cell-associated…

A: Introduction Pattern Recognition Receptors are; Toll-like receptors (TLR) Nucleotide-binding…

Q: Which of the following events is not associated with the establishment of allelic exclusion of…

A: Answer is A.) active transcription of RAG1 and RAG2.

Q: We now have at least three SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 vaccines approved by the FDA for use in the United…

A: The vaccines are: 1. Pfizer-BioNTech – Authorized on December 11, 2020 2. Moderna – Authorized on…

Q: A number of vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus (which causes COVID) are currently in use. Based…

A: Acquired immunity- a type of immunity that is not present by birth but is developed over a lifetime.…

Q: Membrane-bound proteins that assist in maintaining contact between various human cell types are…

A: Cell junctions link many cells to one another. These are of three types: Occluding junctions…

Q: Sponges display nonspecific immunity. In an experiment, the cells of two different sponges were…

A: Immunology is the branch of science that deals with the study of the immune system, its mechanisms,…

Q: Humans with defective expression of the integrin LFA-1 have an immunodeficiency disease…

A: Introduction : The ability of the body to defend against pathogens is referred to as immunity. It…

Q: Barriers to using pig organs in human transplantation are _____. (Select all that apply.) a. the…

A: Graft rejection is one of the major problems in xenotransplantation. It is important to understand…

Q: Biologists can develop antibodies against nerve growth factor (i.e., molecules that inactivate nerve…

A: The brain is a dynamic structure that undergoes structural modifications throughout the life of an…

Q: To become a fully activated, antibody-secreting cell, B cells usually need: a. to encounter an…

A:

Q: Find the wrong information about virus attachment and absorption to host cell. A. The surface…

A: Viruses are simple, noncellular entities consisting of one or more molecules of either DNA or RNA…

Q: A good example of molecular mimicry is a. Decreased number of regulatory T cells in aging. b. The…

A: Molecular mimicry, also known as "molecular similarity," is a key principle in immunology and…

Q: A study by the CDC reported that less than 80% of children in someareas of the United States are…

A: Vaccines are biological preparations that help to provide an active acquired immunity by inducing an…

Q: Which of the following is NOT a mechanism used by the immune system to fight multicellular…

A: Immunology is a section of biology that studies molecules, cells, and organs that build up the…

Q: which of the following describes a potential property of the variable region released? a-activation…

A: An "antibody" is also characterized as an "immunoglobulin (Ig)", is a big, Y-shaped protein that…

Q: What is the correct sequence of events that take place after a professional APC (macrophage or…

A: The immune system of the body protects the individual from the attack of external pathogens. The…

Q: The innate immune system has to be able to detect foreign invaders.  Explain two ways that the…

A: Step 1 The innate immune system is a natural genotype-based system of defense elements with which an…

Q: The envelope protein gp120 (Glycoprotein 120) is required for the attachment of the HIV virus to CD…

A: CD4 receptor is Cluster of differentiation 4 which is a glycoprotein that serves as a co receptor…

Q: shows the directed migration of two immune cell types, neutrophils (red) and macrophages (green) to…

A: Immune cells are the sort of cells that emerge from stem cells in the bone marrow and mature into…

Q: Select all of the statements that are true about the grey cell shown in the image. A. This cell is a…

A: In order to protect the body from dangerous invaders like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites as…

Q: In cell culture experiments, purified B cells expressing IgM can be induced to switch to producing…

A: In experimental settings involving cell cultures, the transformation of B cells expressing IgM into…

Q: In the Spring and Summer of 2020, mass protests erupted across the US in response to police violence…

A: 1) The cohort study (prospective observational study), is the study design which we can select. This…

Q: Which of the following statements best explains why the immune system can continue to make…

A: Rituximab is a medication that will be mostly used for treating rheumatoid arthritis as well as…

Q: Identify the example that is ONLY true of the vertebrate innate immune system.

A: Innate immune system It is the immunity that is present in the body since birth. It aids in…

Q: Why are mutations in the spike protein of special interest in regard to vaccine evasion? O Because…

A: The covid-19 pandemic has shook the entire world. The infectivity of the virus strain is of much…

Q: Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) is characterized by the complete lack ofan immune…

A: A defect in B-cell and T-cell that results in the impairment of cell-mediated immune response and…

Q: A virus has been identified that encodes a protein which inhibits the transporter-associated with…

A: Transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP)

Q: When the antigen-presenting cells binds to the T-cell, it will cause the T-cell to increase the…

A: Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are a type of white blood cell that helps initiate an immune…

Q: Which of the following is false about innate immune receptors? A. They are encoded by intact genes…

A: Innate immunity is the immunity that involves protective barriers. They prevent the entry of foreign…

Q: Which of the following pathways would you expect to be inhibited by drugs that prevent import of…

A: Explanation: Since the import of proteins into the nucleus is part of the TGF-Beta signalling…