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- Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Explain in detail the main findings. Please sort as a list.Why is the ErbB family pathway an important pathway for researchers that target cancer therapy. explain in 3-5 sentences.Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Explain in detail the main findings.
- Cancer can be defined as an abnormal proliferation of cells that defy the normal regulatory controls observed by normal cells. Recently, histone deacetylation therapies have been attempted in the treatment of certain cancers [reviewed by Delcuve et al. (2009)]. Specifically, the FDA has approved histone deacetylation (HDAC) inhibitors for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Explain why histone acetylation might be associated with cancer and what the rationale is for the use of HDAC inhibitors in the treatment of certain forms of cancer.Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Please list item by item. Explain in detail the main findings.You plan to synthesize a peptide to be used as a vaccine to treat melanoma, a particularly aggressive form of skin cancer. Normally, gp100, a protein on the surface of melanocytes, activates cell growth when it is bound by its ligand. Activation of the growth pathway depends on the presence of threonine in the ligand. The effective peptide vaccine will mimic the natural ligand, but won’t cause cell growth and division. Below is the sequence of the natural ligand: LDMKTAG In order to ensure your newly designed peptide vaccine does not cause cell growth upon binding, you must substitute the Threonine residue at position 5. What amino acid would you replace it with, bearing in mind that the peptide should still be similar enough to bind to the gp100 protein in the surface of melanocytes. Explain your choice. Your vaccine will be administered as a topical cream, and you require your peptide to have an overall neutral charge in order to be functional. At what pH should you formulate…
- A patient comes into your clinic exhibiting generic cancer symptoms. In order to help form a diagnosis, you ask about patient history and they tell you that they worked for years in an agricultural job, primarily in handling food for large bovine animals and then later working with insect pesticide treatment of grain fields. You decide to test for elevated levels of the environmental agent(s) in their body and focus your cancer diagnosis on based on the established associations of epigentic effects and cancer. O nickel and cadmium; stomach and skin cancer O benzene; breast, prostate and thyroid cancer O polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzene; lung, breast, stomach and skin cancer O arsenic and endocrine disruptors; skin, bladder, liver and kidney cancerSeveral research studies are under way that involve the use of genetherapies to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Oncogenes are mutant genes that are overexpressed and cause cancer. New gene therapies are aimed at silencing oncogenes by producing antisense RNA that recognizes the mRNAtranscribed from oncogenes. Based on your understanding of antisense RNA , explain how this strategy would prevent the growth of cancer cells.Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Please explain in details
- . Please explain the regulatory role of Bcl-2 family proteins in cell death?Point mutations in multiple tumor suppressor proteins have been linked to cancer. For example changes in the gene for adenomatous-polyposis-coli protein (APC gene) may result in colorectal cancer. Consider the following DNA sense strand. 3'-TAC CGG TTG TGA AGC TGA ATC-5'7) The protein VEGF plays an important role in stimulating the formation of new blood vessels. In some circumstances, cancer cells will produce too much VEGF. The drug PTC299 is currently being researched as a potential anti-cancer drug. It works by binding to VEGF mRNA, stopping this mRNA from being read by the ribosome. Therefore, not as much VEGF protein is produced. (National Cancer Institute. nd. NCI Drug Dictionary. Retrieved from: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-drug/def/vegf-inhibitor-ptc299) a) If approved, what kind of cancer treatment would it be considered (radiotherapy, gene therapy. anti-angiogenesis)? b) Briefly explain why you think PTC299 fits the kind of cancer treatment you indicated in a). Use information from the text to support your answer. c) Would PTC299 be considered a traditional or a targeted therapy?