Database System Concepts
7th Edition
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Chapter1: Introduction
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1PE
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### Code Analysis

**Objective:**
Determine if the provided C++ code will execute without any errors.

**Code:**

```cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void copy (int& a, int& b, int& c)
{
    a *= 2;
    b *= 2;
    c *= 2;
}

int main()
{
    int x = 1, y = 3, z = 7;
    copy(x, y, z);
    cout << "x=" << x << ", y=" << y << ", z=" << z;
    return 0;
}
```

**Explanation:**

1. **Includes and Namespaces:**
   - The code begins with including the `iostream` library, necessary for input and output operations.
   - The `using namespace std;` line allows the use of standard functions without prefixing them with `std::`.

2. **Function Definition:**
   - The `copy` function takes three reference parameters (`int& a, int& b, int& c`), allowing it to modify the arguments passed to it.
   - Inside the function, each argument is multiplied by 2 (`a *= 2; b *= 2; c *= 2;`).

3. **Main Function:**
   - Three integers `x`, `y`, and `z` are initialized to 1, 3, and 7, respectively.
   - The `copy` function is called with `x`, `y`, and `z` as arguments. Because these are passed by reference, their values will be modified by the function.
   - After the function call, `cout` is used to print the modified values of `x`, `y`, and `z`.

4. **Output:**
   - The expected output would be `x=2, y=6, z=14` since each variable is multiplied by 2 in the `copy` function.

**Conclusion:**
The code will run without any errors. The use of reference parameters in the `copy` function means the changes to `x`, `y`, and `z` are reflected outside the function, and the output will display the updated values.
Transcribed Image Text:### Code Analysis **Objective:** Determine if the provided C++ code will execute without any errors. **Code:** ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; void copy (int& a, int& b, int& c) { a *= 2; b *= 2; c *= 2; } int main() { int x = 1, y = 3, z = 7; copy(x, y, z); cout << "x=" << x << ", y=" << y << ", z=" << z; return 0; } ``` **Explanation:** 1. **Includes and Namespaces:** - The code begins with including the `iostream` library, necessary for input and output operations. - The `using namespace std;` line allows the use of standard functions without prefixing them with `std::`. 2. **Function Definition:** - The `copy` function takes three reference parameters (`int& a, int& b, int& c`), allowing it to modify the arguments passed to it. - Inside the function, each argument is multiplied by 2 (`a *= 2; b *= 2; c *= 2;`). 3. **Main Function:** - Three integers `x`, `y`, and `z` are initialized to 1, 3, and 7, respectively. - The `copy` function is called with `x`, `y`, and `z` as arguments. Because these are passed by reference, their values will be modified by the function. - After the function call, `cout` is used to print the modified values of `x`, `y`, and `z`. 4. **Output:** - The expected output would be `x=2, y=6, z=14` since each variable is multiplied by 2 in the `copy` function. **Conclusion:** The code will run without any errors. The use of reference parameters in the `copy` function means the changes to `x`, `y`, and `z` are reflected outside the function, and the output will display the updated values.
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