Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
Examples of cis-acting elements include promoters and enhancers.
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) stores the cell’s genetic information and is present in the nucleus of the cell. DNA holds information which helps carry out the vital functions of the cell. DNA is transferred from parent to daughter cells during the replication. The DNA contains sequences of nucleotides which code for specific amino acids, which further form proteins. Each DNA strand has a backbone of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of the four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) or guanine (G).
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