Distinguish between proto-oncogene and oncogene. Describe two mechanisms by which genetic change causes cancer

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumorsuppressor genes.

A: The proto-oncogenes are those genes, which promote cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis of the cells.…

Q: The protein p53 is activated when the cell's DNA is damaged. p53 helps to arrest the cell cycle in…

A: Cell division is controlled by a protein that is encoded by a tumor suppressor gene. Uncontrolled…

Q: Define tumor-suppressor genes. Why is a mutated single copy of a tumor-suppressor gene expected to…

A: The repeated and uncontrollable division of cells forms a large mass called the tumor. Tumors might…

Q: Deletion of a cellular proto-oncogene is likely to be associated with cancer.

A: True

Q: The C-myc gene is a proto-oncogene which is highly expressed in breast tissue and appears to cause…

A: Answer.) :- The ChIP data provided involves key molecular components and factors associated with…

Q: Explain how mutations in tumor-suppressor genes can be recessive at the level of the cell but cause…

A: A tumor suppressor gene is normally a cellular gene that regulates the cell proliferation or DNA…

Q: Explain the Role of proto-oncogenes and tumorsuppressor genes ?

A: The inactivation of tumor suppressor genes induces cancers although the activation of the…

Q: Compare and contrast oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Contrast oncogenes and proto-oncogenes.…

A: Genetic changes are the primary cause of cancer, an incredibly complicated and multidimensional…

Q: examine the process of gene expression. Include the following: Explain the regulation of gene…

A: Introduction Gene Expression Is The Process Through Which Information From A Gene Is Used To Create…

Q: Explain how Epigenetics are related with Cancer ?

A: Answer- Epigenetics is the change in the gene expression without changing the sequence of the DNA.

Q: How can oncogenes lead to cancer?

A: Oncogenesis is a complex, multifactorial process by which normal cells turn into malignant cells.…

Q: Define tumor-suppressor genes. Why is a mutation in a single copy of a tumor-suppressor gene…

A: Tumor-supressor genes: Tumor-suppressor genes is defined as normal genes that will slow down the…

Q: Genetic tests that detect mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 oncogenes are widely available. These…

A: Young woman in a suspected breast cancer family takes the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic tests and receives…

Q: Describe the general functions of oncogenes.

A: Ans: Oncogenes: The genes which has potential to cause cancer are called as Oncogenes.

Q: Explain how chromosome deletions, inversions, and translocations cancause cancer.

A: Cancer is a disease which is caused by the uncontrolled growth of the cells, without regulation of…

Q: The myc oncogene increases expression of the glutamine transporter and glutaminase that converts…

A: Cancer is a disease defined by the uncontrolled development of a group of abnormal cells that can…

Q: True/False: When first discovered, investigators found it surprising that some single-gene defects…

A: Immunodeficiencies happen when at least one segments of the safe framework is faulty. The most…

Q: Cancer is caused by many different types of gene mutations. Some mutations are in proto-oncogenes,…

A: Cells split into new cells so that the body uses them and cancer starts with this wonderful…

Q: Some cancers are consistently associated with the deletion of a particularpart of a chromosome. Does…

A: Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that encode for proteins required for the promotion of cell cycle.…

Q: Describe error prone polymerases and the process of translesion synthesis (TLS). In regards to tumor…

A: Translesion synthesis (TLS) is a method of overcoming stopped replication in which particular…

Q: The decision by some high-risk women to have their breasts removed to prevent the possibility of…

A: The type of gene that possesses the potential to cause cancer as a result of mutation is referred to…

Q: According to the multi-hit model, more than one mutation must occur in a cell for cancer to develop.…

A: A new multihit model of carcinogenesis is produced for use in assessing age-explicit disease rate…

Q: Which of the following is an example of a proto-oncogene? 1) cell cycle inhibitor 2) tumor…

A: Oncogene The gene that are cancerous and divide cell abnormally.

Q: dentify two genetic mechanisms whereby proto-oncogenes can become overexpressed.Select the two…

A: Activation of Proto-oncogenes. Proto-oncogenes are normal cell proliferating genes that encode cell…

Q: You are working in a cell biology lab that investigates non-small cell lung cancer cells, which of…

A: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for around 85%…

Q: Mutations in proto-oncogenes that turn them into oncogenes tend to be dominant, while cancer-causing…

A: Tumor suppressor genes are the genes that suppress the formation of tumors in the cells or tissues…

Q: Cancer Cells need A.I.R in order to survive and proliferate. What does this stand for?   a.…

A: Oncogene activation requires genetic alterations in cellular protooncogenes. The result of these…

Q: Describe the changes that can convert a proto-oncogene into an oncogene.

A: A normal functioning gene turns into a proto-oncogene, which can cause cancer when it is altered as…

Q: The palladin gene, which plays a role in pancreatic cancer (see theintroduction to this chapter), is…

A: A disease is an abnormal condition that negatively impacts the structure and function of an…

Q: Individuals with the hereditary disorder ataxia telangiectasia suffer from neurodegeneration,…

A: Ataxia-telangiectasia is a genetic disorder caused by a point mutation in the ATM gene.

Q: Select the statements that accurately describe different ways that translocations could lead to…

A: Answer-  (A) A translocation breaks up the sequence of a gene for a protein that stimulates…

Q: Retroviruses can cause cancer, along with some viruses with DNA genomes. For example, herpes…

A: Retroviruses can cause cancer. For example, herpes papillomavirus (HPV) causes cervical cancer. The…

Q: Acquired mutation in the p53 gene is the most common genetic alteration found in human cancer (> 50%…

A: The correct option is F. Transcription factor

Q: Describe the steps by which the TP53 gene responds to DNA damage and/or cellular stress to promote…

A: It codes for a protein or a functional product rRNA (ribosomal RNA) or tRNA (transfer RNA). DNA is…

Q: Do you think there are more unique alleles of p53 that lead to cancer or more unique alleles of Ras…

A:

Q: Compare and contrast oncogenes and supressor genes. Give an example of a gene of each kind and a…

A: Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are two types of genes that play crucial roles in the…

Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.