Determine the total number of ATP formed by the complete oxidation of 1 mole of glucose. Show your complete work and/or reasoning. List the steps in which ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are formed, and state how many are formed in each step. Use the “best estimate” values of 2.5 ATP per NADH and 1.5 ATP per FADH2.

Q: If sugar must be broken down to release energy through cellular respiration, why is ATP needed in…

A: During cellular respiration, a glucose molecule is gradually broken down into carbon dioxide and…

Q: 0 OH O || --CH-C H --0 NAD*

A: The Concept used here is from oxidation and reduction reactions  Here we have...  NAD+ which is an…

Q: Mark any/all processes that are reductions.

A: Reduction is a process in which gain of electron takes place . also in reduction reaction the…

Q: Determine the direction that each of the reactions will progress. Assume that the reactants and…

A: The reaction for hydrolysis of fructose-6-phosphate is as follow.…

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A: Given : After chewing on a piece of toast containing starch for 5 minutes, a student noticed a sweet…

Q: Which calorie source is more concentrated: fat or carbohydrate? Explain your response.

A: Fat is  more concentrated source of calories than carbohydrate. Even fat is more calorie…

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A:

Q: For a given acid HA, it was determined that at pH 6.0 the concentration of the conjugate base [A]…

A: Percent ionization of HA = [H+]/[HA] *100% pH  =6.0 pH  = -log[H+]  6.0 =-log[H+]  [H+] = inv log…

Q: Trypanosomes living in the bloodstream obtain all their free energy from glycolysis. They take up…

A: Ans) Glycerol Phosphate oxidase system is the important pathway using which the trypanosome is able…

Q: Routine examination of the urine of an asymptomatic pediatric patient showed a positive reaction…

A: SUGARS FRUCTOSE GALACTOSE SUCROSE GLUCOSE LACTOSE XYLULOSE Clinitest   YES YES NO YES YES YES…

Q: Estimate the number of ATP molecules produced from a 15-gram glucose. (Molar mass glucose = 180.16…

A:

Q: The phosphorylation of glucose with HPO42- forms glucose 1-phosphate and water and requires…

A:

Q: .Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution that contains 0.1 M of acetic acid and…

A:

Q: Short answer questions. You must show work indicating production or consumption of molecules such as…

A: Sure, let's break down the process step by step:1. Conversion of Alanine to Pyruvate:  Alanine is…

Q: Anaerobic glycolysis (i.e., lactic acid fermentation) produces pyruvate that is then converted to…

A: The end product of glycolysis is pyruvate. The fate of pyruvate depends upon the availability of…

Q: Compare the structures of the fatty acids A and B below. Based on your conceptual understanding of…

A: We have find out the answer.

Q: Place the steps of glycolysis in the order that they occur. Last step Answer Bank Glucose is…

A:

Q: Why does Glycolysis only release a small amount of the total available energy that can be harvested…

A: Breaking down of glucose through enzymes into Pyruvate and water molecules

Q: When the following reaction reached equilibrium the concentration of glucose 1-phosphate is 34mM,…

A:

Q: Describeenergy consumed vs released in reactions. Differentiate between endergonic vs exergonic…

A: Energy released in the reaction when energy of reactants are more than the energy of products. Such…

Q: Find the amount of energy released (in kcal) by: • 1 gram of proteins • 1 gram of carbohydrates •…

A: Three molecules are  Protein  Carbohydrates fats.…

Q: Draw the ATP - ADP Cycle and describe how each molecule (ATP, ADP, Phosphocreatine,carbohydrates)…

A: The ATP-ADP cycle is a process by which cells regenerate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) from ADP…

Q: Why is the conversion of lactic acid from the blood into glucose in the liver in an organism’s best…

A: Lactic acid, or lactate, is a chemical byproduct of anaerobic respiration — the process by which…

Q: Scenario A: 1 mole of glucose in the presence of unlimited oxygen is metabolized through aerobic…

A: The solution is given below -

Q: metabolism1 Which of the following mnolecules is not a source of metabolic energy? Select an answer…

A: Answer –  DNA  Nutrient Utilization in Humans: Metabolism Pathways. Humans obtain energy from…

Q: Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is the primary site for regulation of the glycolytic pathway.  The…

A: Glycolysis provides an important source of energy for most cells as well as a source of substrate…

Q: Photosystem II (PSII) receives light so it can _______________ and Photosystem I (PSI) uses excited…

A: Photosystem II (PSII) is a crucial component of the photosynthetic machinery found in plants, algae,…

Q: 5) A certain aerobic organism is able to metabolize the following glycolipid: HO CH₂OH OH H OH A.…

A: The objective of this question is to show the concept of glycosidic bonds, hydrolysis, and the…

Q: GLYCOLYSIS: 1A) Starting with glucose (in the open-chain Fisher projection), draw out the molecular…

A:

Q: O HO–CH "O Reaction 7 C=O CH || CH malate T C CH, C fumarate FADH₂ Reaction 6 FAD H+ + NADH NAD+ H₂O…

A:

Q: ATP Synthase in plants has the same basic structure and function as the ATP Synthase in humans. O…

A: ATP synthase, found in both plants and humans, shares a common fundamental structure and function.…

Q: ATP is produced during synthesis of compounds. O True False

A: ATP is Adenosine triphosphate, it works as a energy carrier throughout out cell, it takes up…

Q: Consider these three reactions and fill in the blanks below: Malate + NAD* → Oxaloacetate + NADH +…

A: If ∆G0 = +Ve (> 0) then the reaction is nonspontaneous. and ∆G0 = -Ve (< 0) then the reaction…

Q: NADH and FADH2 can "create" ATP only if the cell can do electron transport O True O False

A: The electron transport system involves the biological electron carriers that help in the transfer of…

Q: Calculate ΔG°′ for the oxidation of free FADH2 by O2. What is the maximum number of ATPs that can be…

A: The equations are as follows,

Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.

Glucogenesis

Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general  definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,