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Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry

Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry

2nd Edition

ISBN:9780618974122

Author:Andrei Straumanis

Publisher:Andrei Straumanis

Chapter18: Aromaticity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12CTQ

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Question

Count how many pi and sigma bonds are in the following molecule, caffeine. Circle all sp3
hybridized atoms, box sp₂ hybridized atoms, and draw a triangle around all sp hybridized
atoms.
N
N
N
Z -
-
N
-

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There are two compounds with the molecular formula HN3. One is called hydrogen azide; the other is cyclotriazene. (a) Write the Lewis structure for each compound. (b) Designate the hybridization of each nitrogen in hydrogen azide. (c) What is the hybridization of each nitrogen in cyclotriazene? (d) How many sigma bonds are in hydrogen azide? In cyclotriazene? (e) How many pi bonds are in hydrogen azide? In cyclotriazene? (f) Give approximate values for the N-to-N-to-N bond angles in each molecule.
Consider the incomplete orbital representation of O2 , below right. a. Identify which lobes are hybrid orbitals (identify the type) and which lobes arep orbitals. b. Use dotted lines to show any bonds. c. Use up or down arrows to show electron occupation of each hybrid orbital or bond.
Determine whether each structure is likely to be colored or not. If colored, indicating the extented conjugation by marking series of continuous sp2 hybridized atoms
Isonitriles (A) are an important class of compounds because of the versatile reactivity of the functional group, enabling the preparation of numerous new compounds and natural products. Isonitriles can be converted to isonitrile dihalides (B), which represents a useful procedure for temporarily hiding the reactivity of an isonitrile (Tetrahedron Lett. 2012, 53, 4536-4537). H,C-C-NEC: H,C-c-N=cc, A B
please do all, i will upvote
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According to valence bond theory, what is the total number of sp2 hybridized orbitals on all the atoms in formaldehyde, CH2O? Sketch and explain why. According to valence bond theory, how many lone pairs of electrons reside in sp hybridized orbitals in formaldehyde? explain why?
Please help, a bit conufsed
What is the molecular formula?For each heteroatom (not C or H), indicate the hybridization. Also note whether each lone pair is localized (on the atom) or delocalized (through resonance).
Can you please check if the skeletal and Lewis structure are correct as well as the hybridization. Can you also explain the bonding interactions between each pair of adjacent C atoms?
None
2. Histamine (below structure) is a signal molecule involved in immune response and is a neurotransmitter. Histamine features imidazole ring which is an aromatic heterocycle. Please answer the following questions regarding Histamine. b a HN =N C NH2 a. Determine hybridization of each N atom (s, p, sp, sp², sp³, etc.) in histamine N-a hybridization: N-b hybridization: N-c hybridization: b. Determine what atomic orbitals (s, p, sp, sp², sp³, etc.) of the lone pair of each N atom resided in N-a hybridization: N-b hybridization: N-c hybridization:

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