Consider the data below to answer the following questions.Cyanohydrins are important intermediates in the synthesis of a-hydroxycarboxylic acids from ketonesand aldehydes. The nitrile functional group can be hydrolyzed by aqueous acid to yield a carboxylicacid. Nitriles can also be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids using aqueous base. Unfortunately, when acyanohydrin is treated with aqueous base the original carbonyl compound is isolated.HOHHCENH-3-HO'NaOHHOcyanohychina.a nucleophilic substitutionb.an electrophilic additionC10OHCH-COOHA. The reaction of an aldehyde with hydrogen cyanide is an example of+ NaCN + H₂Oreaction.H-C.an electrophilic substitutiond. a nucleophilic additionB. Identify the electrophile in the reaction of benzaldehyde with hydrogen cyanide.

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Answered: Consider the data below to answer the…

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781305960060

Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen

Publisher:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen

Chapter16: Amines And Amides

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16.54E

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Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Part A Given 7.30 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. Part B A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.95 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. Part C The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 7.30 gg of…
Ethyl butyrate, CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3, is an artificial fruit flavor commonly used in the food industry for such flavors as orange and pineapple. Its fragrance and taste are often associated with fresh orange juice, and thus it is most commonly used as orange flavoring. It can be produced by the reaction of butanoic acid with ethanol in the presence of an acid catalyst (H+H+): CH3CH2CH2CO2H(l)+CH2CH3OH(l)H+⟶CH3CH2CH2CO2CH2CH3(l)+H2O(l) Given 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess ethanol, how many grams of ethyl butyrate would be synthesized, assuming a complete 100%% yield? Express your answer in grams to three significant figures. A chemist ran the reaction and obtained 5.50 gg of ethyl butyrate. What was the percent yield? Express your answer as a percent to three significant figures. The chemist discovers a more efficient catalyst that can produce ethyl butyrate with a 78.0%% yield. How many grams would be produced from 8.45 gg of butanoic acid and excess…
N-(2-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide N-(3-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) acetamide what are the physical description
Two reactions occur when sodium hydroxide is added to methyl salicylate. One is immediate and one only occurs with reflux over time. What type of reaction occurs immediately and with which functional group on methyl salicylate does it react? What type of reaction occurs with reflux over time and with which functional group on methyl salicylate does it react?
3
Indicate some general procedures to obtain pyrazoles.
Give the name of a carboxylic acid or carboxylate salt used in each of the following ways: a.As a soap b.As a general food preservative used to pickle vegetables c.As a preservative used in soft drinks d.As a treatment of athletes foot e.As a mold inhibitor used in bread. f.As a food additive noted for its pH buffering ability
18-28 Arrange these compounds in order of increasing acidity: benzoic acid, benzyl alcohol, phenol.
18-29 Complete the equations for these acid—base reactions. (a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
18-41 Complete these examples of Fischer esterification. In each case, assume an excess of the alcohol.
Why is it safe for us to consume foods like vinegar that contain acetic acids?
What products are formed when all of the amide and ester bonds are hydrolyzed in each of the following compounds? Tamiflu [part (a)] is the trade name of the antiviral agent oseltamivir, thought to be the most effective agent in treating influenza. Aspartame [part (b)] is the artificial sweetener used in Equal and many diet beverages. One of the products of this hydrolysis reaction is the amino acid phenylalanine. Infants afflicted with phenylketonuria cannot metabolize this amino acid, so it accumulates, causing mental retardation. When the affliction is identified early, a diet limiting the consumption of phenylalanine (and compounds like aspartame that are converted to it) can make a normal life possible.

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