Calculate the delta G of proton transport through the mitochondrial inner membrane. Is this a spontaneous or nonspontaneous process? Objective: Perform calculations about the free energy change and electric potentialacross various membranes, illustrating differences between them.1. Recall the membrane proton-transport free energy equation:AG = 2.3 RT [pH(side 1) - pH (side 2)] + Z FAY=where Z = the charge on the proton (+1), F = Faraday's constant = 96485 C/mol and Rgas constant = 8.314 J/K mol.For the inner membrane of a mitochondrion, AY = + 0.168 V; use T = 310K (37°C) andpH(matrix) - pH (intermembrane space) = 0.75.

The free energy change for the creation of an electrochemical gradient by an ion pump is given by…

Answered: Calculate the delta G of proton…

Calculate the delta G of proton transport through the mitochondrial inner membrane. Is this a spontaneous or nonspontaneous process?

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

List the four stages of aerobic cellular respiration. In addition, for each stage list the amount of NADH, FADH, CO2 and ATP made per glucose molecule
In terms of energy transduction (a) in what way are mitochondrial complexes I, II, and IV similar? And (b) in what way are they different?
The transport system of lactose in E.coli is shown below: Lactose transporter H+ H+ Lactose (outside) H+ H+ H+ H+ Proton pump H* + ++ Lactose (inside) ADP + P, H* H+ ATP H* A) For each of the following statements determine if they are true (T) or false (F). • The primary active transport of H" via proton pump, establishes a proton gradient across the membrane. 1 Select ) • The intracellular pH is lower than the extracellular pH. [Select] - Lactose transporter is an example of antiport. Select] Transport of lactose against its concentration gradient is entirely dependent on inflow of H" down their electrochemical gradient. ISelect] B) What would happen with the transport of Lactose if an antimicrobial agent triclosan is added? Triclosan is a proton onophore. I Select]
You experiementally apply the compund antimyctin, which inhinits the functioning of complex III, cytochrome reductase, from participating in redox reactions. You follow this with the addition of 6 molecules of FADH2. How many total ATP molecules can be created using the number of protons that were pumped?
How many H+ do the first two proton pumps of the electron transport system transport?
Rat heart muscle operating aerobically fills more than 90% of its ATP needs by oxidative phosphorylation. If each gram of tissue consumes O2 at the rate of 12.0 micromol/min, with glucose as the fuel source. (a) Calculate the rate at which the heart muscle consumes glucose and produces ATP. (b) Consider an alternate scenario – what would be the rate of consumption if the energy source was a solely triglycerides whose fatty acyl chains were each 14-C in length and saturated? (Assume the O2 consumption rate remains at 12.0 micromol/min) (c) For a steady-state concentration of ATP of 6.0 micromol/g of heart muscle tissue, calculate the time required (in seconds) to completely turn over the cellular pool of ATP if glucose us used as the sole fuel source. What does this result indicate about the need for tight regulation of ATP production? (Note: Concentrations are expressed as micromoles per gram of muscle tissue because the tissue is mostly water.)
Cyanide is a poisonous substance. Cyanide is a cytochrome c oxidase inhibitor that is competitive. The last enzyme of the electron transport chain in mitochondria is cytochrome c oxidase. One of the most common substrates for cytochrome c oxidase is oxygen.Would an increase in the concentration of oxygen affect the inhibitioncaused by cyanide?How would conditions in the mitochondrial intermembrane spacechange if cytochrome c oxidase and the electron transport chain are notfunctioning properly.. Explain why this change in conditions will be harmful to a cell.
Under typical conditions, how many protons are pumped across the mitochondrial intermembrane for each molecule of NADH that is oxidized (assuming its electrons are passed all the way to O2 by the respiratory chain)? 1. 1 2. 6 3. 10 4. 100
Explain the changing relationship between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of which process dominates when, during the course of extremely strenuous exercise, the final electron acceptors and what the final products are in each case.
Which ion gradient is used in electron transport chain to produce ATPs? What is that ATP-producing protein called?
Yeast cells lacking the electron transport system still have a weak membranepotential across the mitochondrial inner membrane. How do these cells generatea membrane potential?
Describe the main functions of the different components of the ATP synthase enzyme in the mitochondrion. A structurally similar enzyme is responsible for the acidification of lysosomes and endosomes. Given what you know about the mechanism of ATP synthesis, explain how this acidification might occur.