B-lactamase is an enzyme found in many antibiotic-resistant bacteria that hydrolyzes and inactivates antibiotics like penicillin and cephalosporin. The amount of antibiotic hydrolyzed in 1 minute in a 10-ml solution containing purified ß-lactamase was measured as a function of antibiotic concentration. The kinetics of hydrolysis was performed for two antibiotic substrates (A and B). Assume that the concentration of ß-lactamase was kept constant during the assay. 12 10 00 Initial Velocity (nanomole/min) N 0 10 T 20 H 30 [Antibiotic] (µm) T 40 I 50 Antibiotic A Antibiotic B a) Based on the enzyme description, what type of enzyme is ß-lactamase? Lyase Isomerase Ligase Hydrolase Oxidoreductase Transferase b) Based on your answer in (a), what other reactant, in addition to the antibiotic substrate, needs to be in the active site of ß-lactamase for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed? c) From the reaction curves above, what is the approximate value of Vmax for the enzyme reaction? (Do not forget the units!) With Antibiotic A: With Antibiotic B: d) From the reaction curves above, what is the estimated KM of the enzyme? (Do not forget the units!) For Antibiotic A: For Antibiotic B: e) Which binds more tightly to ß-lactamase Antibiotic A or Antibiotic B? Explain your answer.
B-lactamase is an enzyme found in many antibiotic-resistant bacteria that hydrolyzes and inactivates antibiotics like penicillin and cephalosporin. The amount of antibiotic hydrolyzed in 1 minute in a 10-ml solution containing purified ß-lactamase was measured as a function of antibiotic concentration. The kinetics of hydrolysis was performed for two antibiotic substrates (A and B). Assume that the concentration of ß-lactamase was kept constant during the assay. 12 10 00 Initial Velocity (nanomole/min) N 0 10 T 20 H 30 [Antibiotic] (µm) T 40 I 50 Antibiotic A Antibiotic B a) Based on the enzyme description, what type of enzyme is ß-lactamase? Lyase Isomerase Ligase Hydrolase Oxidoreductase Transferase b) Based on your answer in (a), what other reactant, in addition to the antibiotic substrate, needs to be in the active site of ß-lactamase for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed? c) From the reaction curves above, what is the approximate value of Vmax for the enzyme reaction? (Do not forget the units!) With Antibiotic A: With Antibiotic B: d) From the reaction curves above, what is the estimated KM of the enzyme? (Do not forget the units!) For Antibiotic A: For Antibiotic B: e) Which binds more tightly to ß-lactamase Antibiotic A or Antibiotic B? Explain your answer.
Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Related questions
Question
![**Transcription and Analysis:**
**Overview:**
β-lactamase is an enzyme found in many antibiotic-resistant bacteria that hydrolyzes and inactivates antibiotics like penicillin and cephalosporin. The amount of antibiotic hydrolyzed in 1 minute in a 10-ml solution containing purified β-lactamase was measured as a function of antibiotic concentration. The kinetics of hydrolysis was performed for two antibiotic substrates (A and B). Assume that the concentration of β-lactamase was kept constant during the assay.
**Graph Description:**
- **Axes:**
- **X-axis:** [Antibiotic] (µM)
- **Y-axis:** Initial Velocity (nanomole/min)
- **Curves:**
- **Antibiotic A:** Represented by an orange curve.
- **Antibiotic B:** Represented by a blue curve.
- **Observations:**
- Both antibiotics show a rise in initial velocity with increasing concentration, eventually reaching a plateau, indicating saturation.
- Antibiotic A reaches a higher Vmax compared to Antibiotic B.
**Questions:**
a) **Based on the enzyme description, what type of enzyme is β-lactamase?**
- Options: Lyase, Isomerase, Ligase, Hydrolase, Oxidoreductase, Transferase
b) **Based on your answer in (a), what other reactant, in addition to the antibiotic substrate, needs to be in the active site of β-lactamase for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed?**
c) **From the reaction curves above, what is the approximate value of Vmax for the enzyme reaction? (Do not forget the units!)**
- With Antibiotic A: ____________________
- With Antibiotic B: ____________________
d) **From the reaction curves above, what is the estimated KM of the enzyme? (Do not forget the units!)**
- For Antibiotic A: ____________________
- For Antibiotic B: ____________________
e) **Which binds more tightly to β-lactamase—Antibiotic A or Antibiotic B? Explain your answer.**
---
**Analysis:**
The graph shows the enzymatic activity based on the various concentrations of antibiotics. The curve reaches a plateau, signifying the Vmax where the enzyme is saturated with the substrate. Vmax is higher for Antibiotic A, and KM (](/v2/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.bartleby.com%2Fqna-images%2Fquestion%2Fa4cfac85-c063-4626-8a51-e81b784ec2bd%2F54cdb8d1-b9c0-4701-a364-2ae56b9ee372%2F8dbv9w_processed.png&w=3840&q=75)
Transcribed Image Text:**Transcription and Analysis:**
**Overview:**
β-lactamase is an enzyme found in many antibiotic-resistant bacteria that hydrolyzes and inactivates antibiotics like penicillin and cephalosporin. The amount of antibiotic hydrolyzed in 1 minute in a 10-ml solution containing purified β-lactamase was measured as a function of antibiotic concentration. The kinetics of hydrolysis was performed for two antibiotic substrates (A and B). Assume that the concentration of β-lactamase was kept constant during the assay.
**Graph Description:**
- **Axes:**
- **X-axis:** [Antibiotic] (µM)
- **Y-axis:** Initial Velocity (nanomole/min)
- **Curves:**
- **Antibiotic A:** Represented by an orange curve.
- **Antibiotic B:** Represented by a blue curve.
- **Observations:**
- Both antibiotics show a rise in initial velocity with increasing concentration, eventually reaching a plateau, indicating saturation.
- Antibiotic A reaches a higher Vmax compared to Antibiotic B.
**Questions:**
a) **Based on the enzyme description, what type of enzyme is β-lactamase?**
- Options: Lyase, Isomerase, Ligase, Hydrolase, Oxidoreductase, Transferase
b) **Based on your answer in (a), what other reactant, in addition to the antibiotic substrate, needs to be in the active site of β-lactamase for the hydrolysis reaction to proceed?**
c) **From the reaction curves above, what is the approximate value of Vmax for the enzyme reaction? (Do not forget the units!)**
- With Antibiotic A: ____________________
- With Antibiotic B: ____________________
d) **From the reaction curves above, what is the estimated KM of the enzyme? (Do not forget the units!)**
- For Antibiotic A: ____________________
- For Antibiotic B: ____________________
e) **Which binds more tightly to β-lactamase—Antibiotic A or Antibiotic B? Explain your answer.**
---
**Analysis:**
The graph shows the enzymatic activity based on the various concentrations of antibiotics. The curve reaches a plateau, signifying the Vmax where the enzyme is saturated with the substrate. Vmax is higher for Antibiotic A, and KM (
Expert Solution
This question has been solved!
Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.
This is a popular solution!
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
Recommended textbooks for you
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781319114671
Author:
Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781464126116
Author:
David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781118918401
Author:
Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt
Publisher:
WILEY
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781319114671
Author:
Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781464126116
Author:
David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecul…
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781118918401
Author:
Donald Voet, Judith G. Voet, Charlotte W. Pratt
Publisher:
WILEY
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781305961135
Author:
Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Owen M. McDougal
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9781305577206
Author:
Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological …
Biochemistry
ISBN:
9780134015187
Author:
John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher:
PEARSON