Assume that the complete combustion of one mole of glucose to carbon dioxide and water liberates 2870 kJ/mol(AGo'= -2870 kJ/mol).If one contraction cycle in muscle requires 67 kJ, and the energy from the combustion of glucose is converted with an efficiency of35% to contraction, how many contraction cycles could theoretically be fueled by the complete combustion of one mole ofglucose? Round your answer to the nearest whole number.суyclespermole glucose

Answered: Assume that the complete combustion of…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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During electron transfer through the mitochondrial respiratory chain, the overall reaction is NADH + 1/2O2 + H+ arrow forward NAD+ + H2O. The difference in reduction potentials for the two half reactions (delta E) is +1.14 V. Show how you would calculate the standard free energy change, delta G, for the reaction as written. (faraday constant is 96.48 kj/vmol: R=8.314j/mol K=1.987 cal/mol K
The rate of energy expenditure of a typical 70-kg person at rest is about 70 watts (W), like that of a light bulb. (a) Express this rate in kilojoules per second and in kilocalories per second. (b) How many electrons flow through the mitochondrial electron-transport chain per second under these conditions? (c) Estimate the corresponding rate of ATP production. (d) The total ATP content of the body is about 50 g . Estimate how often an ATP molecule turns over in a person at rest.
(1) Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) + H2O → pyruvate + Pi ΔGo = -61.9 kJ/mol (2) ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi ΔGo = -30.5 kJ/mol What is the free energy change for: PEP + ADP → ATP + pyruvate
Which of the following statements about glycolytic fibers is true?
Citrate and isocitrate are interconverted via the enzyme aconitase: The standard free energy change for this reaction is +6.7 kJ/mol. In my pet llama's mitochondria, the free energy change was measured to be +0.8 kJ/mol. (No llamas were harmed in this experiment!) a. Calculate the [isocitrate]/[citrate] ratio in these mitochondria. b. If [isocitrate] =0.03 mM, what is [citrate]?
Unlike a rabbit, running all-out for a few moments to escape a predator, migratory birds require energy for extended periods of time. For example, ducks generally fly several thousand miles during their annual migration. The flight muscles of migratory birds have a high oxidative capacity and obtain the necessary ATP through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA (obtained from fats) via the citric acid cycle. Compare the regulation of muscle glycolysis during short-term intense activity, as in a fleeing rabbit, and during extended activity, as in the migrating duck. Why must the regulation in these two settings be different? Extended activity requires the highly efficient anaerobic metabolism of fats, rather than the less efficient aerobic metabolism of glucose. Extended activity requires the highly efficient aerobic oxidation of fats, rather than the less efficient anaerobic metabolism of glucose. Extended activity stimulates glycolysis because the concentrations of citrate and acetyl-CoA are…
If each NADH generates 3 ATP molecules and each FADH2 generates 2 ATP molecules, calculate the number of ATP molecules generated from one saturated 10-carbon fatty acid.
Three molecules of glucose are being processed by your cell to produce ATP. Using your earned knowledge in Aerobic Respiration, answer the following question by analyzing the How many molecules of NADH is being produced in one cycle of Krebs Cycle? 2. Compute for the total ATP produced in glycolysis up to the completion of Krebs Cycle. (exclude NADH and FADH) 3. How many total FADH is being produced in these molecules? 4. Compute for the total Carbon dioxide from glycolysis up to Krebs cycle. 5. 1. How many ATPS produced after completing all these phases?
The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible reaction lactate (CH3 CHOHCOO )+NAD* рyruvate (CH3 COCOO) + NADH + H+ Given the standard reduction potentials CH3 СОСОО + 2H+ + 2е CH3 CHОНСО" E°'= -0. 185 V NADŤ + H+ + 2e- → NADH = -0. 320 V E°' would you expect the reaction to be spontaneous in the forward or reverse direction under biochemical standard state conditions? How could you change the reaction conditions to force the reaction to be spontaneous in the opposite direction? Please explain your answer.
The following plot (percent of O2 bound versus [02]) shows three possible curves (A, B, C). In this case, "B" represents the normal oxygen transport protein. Suppose the local concentration of H+ increases. How might this be represented on the graph? Percent O₂ bound A OA shift from B to C B [0₂] OH+ concentration has no effect (remains curve B) OA shift from B to A
Why is it 30 to 32 ATP produced for cellular respiration in Physiology? When I calculate it, I get 32.
Rat heart muscle operating aerobically fills more than 90% of its ATP needs by oxidative phosphorylation. If each gram of tissue consumes O2 at the rate of 12.0 micromol/min, with glucose as the fuel source. (a) Calculate the rate at which the heart muscle consumes glucose and produces ATP. (b) Consider an alternate scenario – what would be the rate of consumption if the energy source was a solely triglycerides whose fatty acyl chains were each 14-C in length and saturated? (Assume the O2 consumption rate remains at 12.0 micromol/min) (c) For a steady-state concentration of ATP of 6.0 micromol/g of heart muscle tissue, calculate the time required (in seconds) to completely turn over the cellular pool of ATP if glucose us used as the sole fuel source. What does this result indicate about the need for tight regulation of ATP production? (Note: Concentrations are expressed as micromoles per gram of muscle tissue because the tissue is mostly water.)

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