(a) What proportion of the smokers were dead after 20 years? What proportion of the nonsmokers were dead after 20 years? What does this imply about the health consequences of smoking? The proportion of the smokers who were dead after 20 years is (Round to three decimal places as needed) The proportion of the nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years is (Round to three decimal places as needed) What does this imply about the health consequences of smoking? O This implies that it is healthier to smoke. This implies that it is healthier not to smoke. (b) The data in the first table do not take into account a variable that is strongly related to survival status, age. The data shown in the second accompanying table give the survival status of women and their age at the beginning of the study. For example, 14 women who were 35 to 44 at the beginning of the study were smokers and dead after 20 years. Determine the proportion of 18- to 24-year-old smokers who were dead after 20 years. The proportion of 18- to 24-year-old smokers who were dead after 20 years isD (Round to three decimal places as needed) Determine the proportion of 18- to 24-year-old nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years. The proportion of 18- to 24-year-old nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years is O (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (c) Repeat part (b) for the remaining age groups to create a conditional distribution of survival status by smoking status for each age group. Age Group 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75 or older BI818 Smoker Nonsmoker (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (d) Draw a bar graph of the conditional distribution from part (c). Let the blue (left) bars represent smokers and let the red (right) bars represent nonsmokers. Choose the correct graph below. O A. В. OC. 0.8- 0.6- 1 0.8- 0.6- 17 0.8- 0.4 0.2 0.4- 0.4- 02- 0.2 2534 454 05-74 65-74 45-4 65-74 (e) State the appropriate conclusion. Choose the correct answer below. O A. In almost all age groups, smokers had a higher death rate than nonsmokers. O B. There is no difference between smokers and nonsmokers. O C. In all age groups, smokers had a lower death rate than nonsmokers. OD. In almost all age groups, smokers had a lower death rate than nonsmokers. Relative Froquency
(a) What proportion of the smokers were dead after 20 years? What proportion of the nonsmokers were dead after 20 years? What does this imply about the health consequences of smoking? The proportion of the smokers who were dead after 20 years is (Round to three decimal places as needed) The proportion of the nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years is (Round to three decimal places as needed) What does this imply about the health consequences of smoking? O This implies that it is healthier to smoke. This implies that it is healthier not to smoke. (b) The data in the first table do not take into account a variable that is strongly related to survival status, age. The data shown in the second accompanying table give the survival status of women and their age at the beginning of the study. For example, 14 women who were 35 to 44 at the beginning of the study were smokers and dead after 20 years. Determine the proportion of 18- to 24-year-old smokers who were dead after 20 years. The proportion of 18- to 24-year-old smokers who were dead after 20 years isD (Round to three decimal places as needed) Determine the proportion of 18- to 24-year-old nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years. The proportion of 18- to 24-year-old nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years is O (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (c) Repeat part (b) for the remaining age groups to create a conditional distribution of survival status by smoking status for each age group. Age Group 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75 or older BI818 Smoker Nonsmoker (Round to three decimal places as needed.) (d) Draw a bar graph of the conditional distribution from part (c). Let the blue (left) bars represent smokers and let the red (right) bars represent nonsmokers. Choose the correct graph below. O A. В. OC. 0.8- 0.6- 1 0.8- 0.6- 17 0.8- 0.4 0.2 0.4- 0.4- 02- 0.2 2534 454 05-74 65-74 45-4 65-74 (e) State the appropriate conclusion. Choose the correct answer below. O A. In almost all age groups, smokers had a higher death rate than nonsmokers. O B. There is no difference between smokers and nonsmokers. O C. In all age groups, smokers had a lower death rate than nonsmokers. OD. In almost all age groups, smokers had a lower death rate than nonsmokers. Relative Froquency
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Related questions
Question
Could it be that smoking actually increases survival rates among women? The accompanying data represent the 20-year survival status and smoking status of
1339 women who participated in a 20-year cohort study. Complete parts (a) through (e).
Transcribed Image Text:Data table
of
Smoking Status
Smoker (S)
Nonsmoker (NS)
Dead
144
232
Alive
449
514
Age Group
18-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-64
65-74
75 or older
S NS
Dead 2 1
Alive 53 63 121 157
NS
NS
NS S
NS
NS
NS
4
14
12
52
40
30
102 15
7
27
64
95
114
106
68
66
83
29
Print
Done
Transcribed Image Text:(a) What proportion of the smokers were dead after 20 years? What proportion of the nonsmokers were dead after 20 years?
What does this imply about the health consequences of smoking?
The proportion of the smokers who were dead after 20 years is
(Round to three decimal places as needed)
The proportion of the nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years is
(Round to three decimal places as needed)
What does this imply about the health consequences of smoking?
O This implies that it is healthier to smoke.
This implies that it is healthier not to smoke.
(b) The data in the first table do not take into account a variable that is strongly related to survival status, age. The data
shown in the second accompanying table give the survival status of women and their age at the beginning of the study. For
example, 14 women who were 35 to 44 at the beginning of the study were smokers and dead after 20 years.
Determine the proportion of 18- to 24-year-old smokers who were dead after 20 years.
The proportion of 18- to 24-year-old smokers who were dead after 20 years isD
(Round to three decimal places as needed)
Determine the proportion of 18- to 24-year-old nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years.
The proportion of 18- to 24-year-old nonsmokers who were dead after 20 years is O
(Round to three decimal places as needed.)
(c) Repeat part (b) for the remaining age groups to create a conditional distribution of survival status by smoking status for
each age group.
Age Group
55-64
18-24 25-34
35-44
45-54
65-74
75 or older
Smoker
Nonsmoker
(Round to three decimal places as needed.)
(d) Draw a bar graph of the conditional distribution from part (c). Let the blue (left) bars represent smokers and let the red
(right) bars represent nonsmokers. Choose the correct graph below.
O A.
В.
OC.
0.8-
0.6-
1
0.8-
0.6-
17
0.6-
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.4-
0.4-
02-
0.2
25-34
454
05-74
454
65-74
45-4
65-74
(e) State the appropriate conclusion. Choose the correct answer below.
O A. In almost all age groups, smokers had a higher death rate than nonsmokers.
O B. There is no difference between smokers and nonsmokers.
O C. In all age groups, smokers had a lower death rate than nonsmokers.
OD. In almost all age groups, smokers had a lower death rate than nonsmokers.
Relative Frequency
Expert Solution
Step 1
.jpg)
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 4 steps with 4 images
Recommended textbooks for you
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:
9781119256830
Author:
Amos Gilat
Publisher:
John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305251809
Author:
Jay L. Devore
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305504912
Author:
Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
Statistics
ISBN:
9781119256830
Author:
Amos Gilat
Publisher:
John Wiley & Sons Inc
Probability and Statistics for Engineering and th…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305251809
Author:
Jay L. Devore
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences (MindTap C…
Statistics
ISBN:
9781305504912
Author:
Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau
Publisher:
Cengage Learning
Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (7th E…
Statistics
ISBN:
9780134683416
Author:
Ron Larson, Betsy Farber
Publisher:
PEARSON
The Basic Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319042578
Author:
David S. Moore, William I. Notz, Michael A. Fligner
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman
Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
Statistics
ISBN:
9781319013387
Author:
David S. Moore, George P. McCabe, Bruce A. Craig
Publisher:
W. H. Freeman