9-2(15 pts) Determine the alkalinity, total hardness, carbonate hardness, and non-carbonatehardness (in mg/L CaCO3) for the water (pH 7.4) with the following chemical concentrations.Calculate the doses of lime and soda ash to soften this water.Constituent Concentration, mg/LCa2+95Mg2+13.5Na25.8HCO3244SO 2-73CI67.8H2CO37.7

To determine the alkalinity, total hardness, carbonate hardness, and non-carbonate hardness for the…

Answered: 9-2 (15 pts) Determine the alkalinity,…

Structural Analysis

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337630931

Author:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Publisher:KASSIMALI, Aslam.

Chapter2: Loads On Structures

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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(d) Ca(HCO3)2 = 150 mg/L; Mg(HCO3)2 = 200 mg/L; CaSO4 = 180 mg/L; MgCl2 = 95 mg/L; CaCl2 = 137 mg/L; turbidity = 15 mg/L; NaCl = 58.5 mg/L. Calculate: (i) Carbonate and non-carbonate hardness in degree Clark. (ii) The cost of limesoda process, if lime (95% pure) is Rs.200/10 Kg and soda (86%pure) is Rs. 400/10 Kg for softening of 150,000 liters of hard water using Al2(SO4)3 as a coagulant @ 28.5 mg/L. (iii) A hard water sample having 530 ppm CaCO3 equivalent hardness was completely softened on passing over a zeolite bed. The exhausted bed was subsequently regenerated using 75 liters of 45 percent brine solution. Calculate the quantity of hard water that has been softened using zeolite softener.
Concretes have several properties. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? a. Concretes have good tensile strength b. Concretes have good shear strength c. Concretes have good compressive strength d. Concretes have good wear resistance
Treatment plant questions
A water sample having a pH of 10 at 25°C contains the following ions: Na* = 56 mg/1 Mg²+ = 24 mg/1 Ca²+ = 50 mg/1 CO₂-² = 75 mg/1 Cl- = 35.5 mg/1 The carbonate and non-carbonate hardness of the water sample, respectively are A B C D 125 and 225 (mg/1 as CaCO3) 125 and 100 (mg/1 as CaCO3) 130 and 225 (mg/1 as CaCO3) 130 and 95 (mg/1 as CaCO3)
An activated sludge system using CSTR with sludge recycle has an influent flow rate (Q°) of 2.5 MGD that contains BOD of 200 mg/L. The volume of the aeration tank (CSTR) is 0.6 million gallons. The MLVSS (assume this is X,) in the aeration tank is 2000 mg VSS/L and the decay rate (b) is 0.1/day. The effluent from the secondary clarifier meets NPDES standards for suspended solids and BOD. The concentration of the settled sludge exiting the bottom of the secondary clarifier is 15,000 mg VSS/L. The sludge waste flow rate (Q") is 1 % of the influent flow rate, and the effluent flow rate (Qª) is ~99% of the influent flow rate. а) What is the hydraulic retention time, 0 (d)? b) What is the solids retention time, 0x (d)? Activated sludge with recycle с) What is the F/Ma ratio?
In a municipal wastewater treatment plant, the influent flow rate into a complete mixing activated sludge system is 50 L/sec, its solid concentration MLSS is 30 mg/L, and the BODs in the influent is 245 mg/L. The MLSS concentration at the bottom of the secondary clarifier is 15,000 mg/L and 10 mg/L at the top of the |clarifier. The flow rate of returned activated sludge is 20 L/sec. a. What is the concentration of the MLSS in the activated sludge reactor (assuming that it is fully mixed and has constant concentration)? b. What is the activated sludge basin volume if the hydraulic retention time in the basin is 10 hours and the system is operated at the R/Q ratio given in the problem? |c. If the cross section of the basin is 20 m² (perpendicular to the flow), how long the basin will be? d. The plant has 96% BOD5 removal. What is the effluent BOD5? e. The flowrate of the waste activated sludge (WAS) is 0.2 L/sec. How many solids (in kg) are wasted every day through the secondary…
3. The dissolved solids content is determined by filtering a portion of the sample through a glass fiber filter disc into a porcelain evaporating dish, drying the sample at 100°C, and igniting the residue by placing the dried sample in a muffle furnace at 550°C. The following masses are recorded: *Volume of sample: 25 mL •Mass of empty dish: 51.494 g a) The total dissolved solids content is: •Mass of dish and dried solids: 51.524g •Mass of dish and ignited solids: 51.5069 g b) The volatile dissolved solids content is: Does the total solids content equal the sum of the suspended and dissolved solids? c) The fixed dissolved solids content is:
(c) An analysis of a water sample has produced the following concentrations, as shown in Table 1(c). Determine the following and comment on the result: (i) Total Hardness in mg/L as CaCO3 (ii) Carbonate Hardness in mg/L as CACO3 (iii) Alkalinity in mg/L as CACO3
2. The suspended solids content is determined by filtering a portion of the sample through a glass-fiber filter disk, drying the disk at 105°C, and igniting the residue by placing the dried sample in a muffle furnace at static (?). The following masses are recorded: • Volume of sample: 30 mL • Mass of filter disk: 0.1170 g a) The total suspended solids content is: b) The volatile suspended solids content is: Mass of disk and dry solids: 0.1278 g Mass of disk and ignited solids: 0.12489 g c) The fixed suspended solids content is:
Given the following octanol water partition coefficients (Kow), indicate for which compounds is soil vapor extraction (SVE) a candidate process for removing the compound from the vadose zone of a contaminated soil. Assume that low values of Kow are <10. Provide a relative ranking of contaminants in terms of potential efficiency for SVE treatment. Compound Log Kow Trichloroethene 2.38 4.88 6.01 1.38 3.15 1.46 3.9 6.19 0.26 Pyrene PCBs Vinyl chloride Ethyl benzene Phenol Lindane DDT 2-Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone)
In determination of Acidity experiment, If the volume of 0.02N NaOH when use Methyl Orange (M.O) is 0.8 mL and 7.8 mL when use Phenolphthalein (Ph.Ph), the volume of sample is 25mL and the EW for CaCO3 is 50. The Mineral Acidity as mg (CaCO3)/L is
The following test results (Table Ql-2) were obtained from a raw water sample. All of the tests were performed using a sample volume of 50 mL. Table Q1-2 Weight (g) Mass of residue after drying at 105 ỏC Mass of residue after ignition at 550 ¿C Mass of residue on Whatman GF/C filter paper after drying at 0.7148 0.3818 0.3571 105 'C Mass of residue on Whatman GF/C filter paper after ignition at 550 'C 0.1418 Calculate the concentration (mg/L) of : (i) total solids. (ii) total volatile solids. (iii) total suspended solids. (iv) total dissolved solids.

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