The surface water with 6000 m³/d of flow rate will be treated for hardness removal using lime-soda softening which involves increasing the pH above 10 using slake lime (Ca(OH)2 or portlandite) and adding calcium bicarbonate (Ca(HCO3)2) salt. calculate daily amount of Ca(OH)2 and Ca(HCO3)2 salts required to obtain hardness removal by at least 90%.

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Sediment transport

Sediment transport or Soil transport is the movement of solid particles, usually due to the combination of gravitational forces acting on the sediment, and the movement of the liquid at which the sediment enters. Soil erosion occurs in natural systems where the particles are sandstones (sand, rocks), mud, or clay; the liquid is air, water, or ice; and the gravitational force that works to move particles to the landing surface. Sediment transportation or soil migration due to the movement of liquids occurs in rivers, lakes, lakes, oceans, and other bodies of water as a result of currents and waves. Transportation is also caused by glaciers as they flow, and to places on earth under the influence of wind. Soil erosion due to gravity alone is possible in most sloping areas, including hills, scarves, cliffs, and the continental shelf — the continental boundary of the slope.