77. During a study of primary human hepatocytes, it is found that these cells dedifferentiate when grown in culture and lose many of the synthetic and metabolic functions unique to in vivo hepatocytes. Coculturing the primary hepatocytes with biliary epithelial cells preserves many aspects of the differentiated state of the hepatocytes. Compared with hepatocytes grown alone, the cocultured hepatocytes most likely produce an increased amount of which of the following? A) Alanine B) Fructose C) Maltose D) Pyruvate E) Urea
Q: Monocyte-derived macrophages can eventually adopt a phenotype similar to that of tissue-resident…
A: Introduction : Macrophages are specialised immune cells that play an important role in the…
Q: Explain what are the advantages and disadavatges of the CIN, MSI, CIMP pathways and the inflammatory…
A: The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity and the molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides…
Q: Name Pancytokeratin (CK) Vimentin Photomicrographs of marker expression Task Mark on the picture: 1-…
A: Immunohistochemistry- Immunohistochemistry is simply the biological application of immunostaining…
Q: Why is stimulating cells with LPS done for Splenocyte Preparation
A: Any form of white blood cell that is found in the spleen or has been isolated from splenic tissue is…
Q: Explain how beta cells can be encapsulated in a TPU scaffold to surgically implant around a pancreas
A: 1. Isolation of Beta Cells: - Extract beta cells from a suitable source, often pancreatic islets…
Q: 16b) Suppose you have a cell in which the Iron Response Factor (IRF) protein is mutated so that it…
A: Iron is a trace element in our body, which is very important to produce hemoglobin which carries…
Q: 1. Based on your figure of the cells under the microscope in the picture (10x magnification) , list…
A: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an intricate network consisting of extracellular macromolecules…
Q: Explain the NF-KB pathway and the interaction between it and COX and interleukins in the…
A: Adenocarcinomas of the colon and rectum make up 95℅ of all colo-rectal cancer cases. In the GI…
Q: Outline an experimental approach to measure Amyloid Beta that microglia produces in vitro. What are…
A: The aggregation of Amyloid beta peptides and its progression is regarded as the primary cause…
Q: Mice deficient in the enzyme MMP7, that cleaves prepro-a-defensin to the active a-defensin, show an…
A: * MMP7 cleaves prepro alpha defensin to the active alpha defensin shows an increased in the…
Q: It was found empirically that Bill would stay healthy and have no significant infections if his IgG…
A: XLA or x linked agammaglobulinemia is an immune deficiency disorder in which affected individuals…
Q: Preparations enriched in HSCs are useful for research and clinical practice. What is the role of…
A: Approach to Solving the Question:Understanding the Role of HSC Enrichment: Before delving into the…
Q: GIVE GRAPHICAL MODEL BASED ON GIVEN INFORMATION: There are three elements in this specific model:…
A: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disease which causes memory loss and dementia. In this disease,…
Q: (a) Identify both the cellular component and the location of the component that is responsible for…
A: Luciferase reporter produces luminescence. If cells contain a luciferase vector, the luminescent…
Q: Considering the principle of the neutral red bioassay, describe “in details” the expected appearance…
A: The objective of the question is to understand the impact of toxic substances like cigarette ash on…
Q: Recent evidence points towards a global increase in cases of multi drug and total drug resistant…
A: Mycobacterium: Mycobacterium is a genus of aerobic, acid-fast, gram-positive bacteria. There are…
Q: Define rumen-reticulum devices and highlight the two drug-delivery design innovations that have been…
A: Rumen-reticulum devices (RRDs) are medical devices designed for sustained drug delivery to ruminant…
Q: The images below are of immunohistochemistry stains for E-cahedrin of ductal lobe carcinomas of the…
A: E-cadherin is one of the cadherin proteins. It has a role in cell adhesion. Therefore, its loss…
Q: A 64-year-old African American male visits his primary care physician with complaints of bone pain,…
A: Proper diagnosis would be helpful for the nurse to identify the patient problem and to plan the care…
Q: For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from…
A: The cytoskeleton is extended throughout the cytoplasm of the cell. It is a complex network of three…
Q: A healthy intestinal mucosa is one in which induced adaptive immune responses to pathogenic…
A: Disclaimer: As per Bartleby guidelines, we will answer only the first question. Kindly repost the…
Q: A 1 month old baby is failing to thrive, with poor feeding and growth, and frequent irritability.…
A: The enzyme assay used here is a type of Lactate dehydrogenase assay. The sequence of reactions…
Q: One important role of Fas and Fas ligand is to medi-ate the elimination of tumor cells by killer…
A: In multicellular organisms, cell death is mediated by two mechanisms: apoptosis and necrosis.…
Q: Studies that compare the outcomes of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer having a radical…
A: Cancer is a category of illnesses characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation. Cancer can be…
Q: VEGF is synthetized in cancer cell to promote angiogenesis. Which sentence is correct
A: VEGF:- VEGF mean Vascular endothelial growth factor, originally known as vascular permeability…
Q: 4 Natalizumab is a therapeutic monoclonal antibody that targets the cell- adhesion molecule…
A: Natalizumab is a therapeutic monoclonal antibody that targets the cell-adhesion molecule alpha-4…
Q: (6) The detection of a specific sugar, such as glucose, is not possible via a simple reducing sugar…
A: Answer 6 Commercial glucose test strips typically use an enzyme-based method for specific detection…
Q: Basal cell carcinoma arises from inappropriate activation of the Hedgehog pathway. Which of the…
A: Basal cell carcinoma is a type of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma begins in the basal cells is a…
Unlock instant AI solutions
Tap the button
to generate a solution
Click the button to generate
a solution
- A 1 month old baby is failing to thrive, with poor feeding and growth, and frequent irritability. After becoming ill with a severe cold, he is admitted to hospital with abdominal tenderness and yellowing of the whites of the eyes, and is diagnosed with jaundice. Clinical investigation reveals elevated serum bilirubin, splenomegaly, and a low level of haemoglobin. Whole blood extract containing 200mg of red blood cells were resuspended in 1mL saline stabilised with 1,8-beta-mercaptoethanol and EDTA. The activity of “enzyme X” was measured in the sample by adding 100µL of this suspension to 0.9 mL of Tris-HCl EDTA buffer (pH 8.0) containing 0.1M MgCl2, 2.0mM NADH, 50mM phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), 30mM ADP and lactate dehydrogenase at 60units/mL. The decrease in absorbance at 340nm was followed over a period of 10 minutes and compared with a blank sample containing all components except the ADP. The results are shown in the table below: Time/min Absorbance With ADP…True or false in the intestine, IECs or innate immune cells or bohrons detect luminal perturbations. in mice, primitive macrophages continue to colonize every tissue between E10 to E12.5 without reducing their proliferation capcity and become tissue resident macophages(36) A 24- year old man begins cyclosporine following kidney trasnplantation. Cyclosporine decreases the chances of transplant rejection in this patient by of the following mechanisms of action? (A) Decreasing apoptosis of T and B lymphocytes (B) Decreasing class 2 MHC antigen expression (C) Increasing interleukin-1 (IL-1) by CD4 -T lymphocytes (D) Inhibiting calcineurin, thus decreasing the trasncription of cytokine genes (E) Inhibiting de novo pathway for purine synthesis
- 135. During an experiment, a transgenic mouse is developed in which regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) are made more sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis. The enhanced apoptosis of Tregs will most likely cause an increase in which of the following in this mouse? A) Autoantibody production OB) Basophil degranulation C) Complement activation D) Dendritic cell migration E) Neutrophil activationNearly all immune deficiency diseases that result in impaired TH17 and ILC3 function lead to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC), usually accompanied by increased susceptibility to pyogenic bacterial infections. However, a subset of these patients also show increased susceptibility to intracellular bacterial infections, such as those caused by Mycobacteria species. What is the explanation for why some, but not all, of these patients have increased susceptibility to intracellular bacteria and which patients fall into this category?why does covid 19 cause tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitors rise, whereas tissue factor inhibitors fall and the lung-blood barrier integrity deteriorates, and epithelial-derived substances promote coagulation by interacting with endothelial cells or circulating cells
- Can you please answer these two sub questions and explains pleaseDiscuss/explain, in details, the relationship between cell viability and cell vitality and cell apoptosis as suggested by neutral red uptake,The section shown above is from mouse pancreas, which has been stained using an immunocytochemistry protocol against glucagon. Which of the following are the cells stained red?
- 1- Pain is one of the cardinal sign of inflammation, Give the mechanism behind development of this sign. 2- Compare between acute & chronic inflammation regarding duration and outcome. 3- Describe the sequence of vascular (Haemodynamic changes) in the process of acute inflammation. 4- Mention the chemical agents causing the inflammation, with example for each agent. 5- What are the types of chronic inflammation (give example of each type). 6- Mention (shortly) the pathways of activation of complement components in the process of acute inflammation.Link: Lack of RAC1 in macrophages protects against atherosclerosis - PMC (nih.gov) Could you explain the relationship between plaque, macrophages, RAC1, SM22 and smooth muslce cells? Would like to understand this topic below a bit better and the effects these things have on each other. After discovering that advanced plaques had a greater macrophage RAC1 expression than intermediate plaques, immunofluorescence was used to stain human intermediate (type III) and advanced (type VI) atherosclerotic plaques. The anti-Mac-2 (Cedarlane) antibody was used to identify macrophages, while the RAC1 (Sigma-Aldrich) and SM22 (Abcam) antibodies were used to identify smooth muscle cells.“Good” bacteria help prevent C. difficile infection by occupying the sites on the intestinal wall where C. difficile could attach and multiply. C. difficile produces toxins that activate macrophages and mast cells, cause leukocyte chemotaxis and the production of chemical mediators, which leads to fluid secretion. What type of response(s) is (are) characterized by these processes? Would this be inflammation? Or would it be a cell-mediated response, specific immune response? Or humoral response with T cells perhaps? I'm having a lot of trouble identifying the biological immune mechanism.