4.The interaction of Vitamin D3 with lipid membranes may be studied using different techniques. Oneapproach is to evaluate its effect on the thermotropic phase transition of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine(DPPC) multilamellar vesicles using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).HOVitamin D3(d)Briefly describe another technique you can use to study the interaction of Vitamin D3 withlipid membranes. Include in your answer a sketch of expected results of your experiment.

A class of fat-soluble secosteroids is called vitamin D3 .Vitamin D3 is a kind of vitamin D that is…

Answered: 4. The interaction of Vitamin D3 with…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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4. As stated in your textbook, the first two reactions in glycolysis associated with unfavorable AG° values, i.e., AG° > 0, both produce a product with high phosphoryl group transfer potential. (ATP formation is not considered here.) Compare the two reactions and describe what the driving force is for both reactions that allows glycolysis to proceed to formation of pyruvate.
2. Regarding the glycolysis metabolic pathways covered in class: A. In the EMP metabolic pathway, what chemical is catabolized to form pyruvate? (1 step away) B. There are two products of step 4 in the EMP pathway. If they were not phosphorylated, how would you describe these as monosaccharides (for example, an aldohexose and a ketopentose)? C. In the TCA Cycle, what chemical is produced by catabolism of isocitrate? (1 step away) D. Describe the major differences between primary, secondary and partial oxidation metabolism in terms of cell growth rate, (ii) oxygen consumption rate, and (iii) products formed.
15. G + C Content: Describe how the G+C content of an organism can be measured. In your response, be sure to address the following: b. Explain the principles behind a melting curve and how this helps determine G + C content. Include an explanation of the components of the curve and how one would interpret a melting curve.
3. Acetylcholinesterase is a serine hydrolase enzyme im- portant in nerve signal transmission, hydrolyzing acetylcho- line, an ester molecule with a positively charged quaternary nitrogen group. The structure of the physiologically relevant substrate of this enzyme is shown on the right. The quater- H₂C nary nitrogen group serves to anchor the molecule in the active site Gly121 Oxy- anion hole Gly122 Ala204 Substrate ACh His447 Catalytic triad Ser203 Glu202 Glu334 Ser229 CH3 N+ CH3 CH3 The a Scale document down rine protease family, consisting of a catalytic triad Ser203- His447-Glu334 with Ser203 supplying the nucleophilic hydroxyl group and an oxyanion hole com- prised of peptide NH groups of Gly121, Gly122, and Ala204, illustrated in the diagram above, for which carbon (green), nitrogen (blue), and oxygen (red) atoms are shown while hydrogen atoms are white. The enzyme catalyzed reaction can be represented by the following scheme: (a)( k1 K2 E + S = ES K-1 K3 EYE + P where ES…
5. Shown below are the first steps in the mechanism of a cysteine protease, which catalyses amide bond hydrolysis in a similar manner as serine proteases. (a) Complete this mechanisms, and (b) sketch the approximate reaction coordinate diagram for this catalyzed reaction relative to the uncatalyzed proteolysis. HN N HN cysteine protease
1. What are the steps that Aconitase facilitates in changing Citrate to Isocitrate? 2. What does the residue Histidene 101 do as Aconitase catalyzes the change of Citrate to Cis-aconitate ? 3. What does the residue Serine 642 do as Aconitase catalyzes the change of Citrate to Cis-aconitate
2. What is the chemical reaction that lactase catalyzes? Write it below in word form as well as in its chemical equation.
3. Calculate the ATP that is produced when linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid; 18:2) is (a) oxidized to CO2 and H20 or (b) converted to the ketone body acetoacetate in the liver and then oxidized to CO2 and H20 in the peripheral tissues. 4. Explain the role of AMP-dependent protein kinase in regulating fatty acid metabolism. What are the ways hormonal control of fatty acid metabolism works between fed and fasted states? Please draw by hand/digitally, schematics showing this regulation in adipose tissue, muscle and liver.
1. How is creatine biochemically formed in mammalian cells? 2. Why would it be more correct to call concentrated ammonium hydroxide by the alternative name ammonia water?
1. When bacteria growing well at 30°C are cooled to 20°C, which of the following membrane lipids are they most likely to synthesize, membrane lipids with saturated or unsaturated fatty acids? Explain.
b. Show calculations for making 10 mls each of the following dilutions of sucrose from the 0.30 M stock solution (Formula #3, Example D) CSTOCK (M) VSTOCK CDESIRED (M) V. X %3D X DESIRED -- . TI 0.30 M 0.25 M 0.20 M 0.15 М
Click on all gllycosidic bonds in the structure below H OH H_o HO но H. H. H. H_o HO HO CEN H. HO. H. H. Amygdalin from bitter almond seeds and apricot and peach pits Many cancer sufferers went abroad for chemotherapy with amygdalin, called Laetril. Unfortunately, its is ineffective theraputically and highly toxic to all cells owing to indiscrnimınate release of hydrogen cyanide under physiological.conditions 工エ

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