2. The following tyrosine-phosphorylated polypeptides were tested as substrates of protein tyrosine phosphatase, an important enzyme in cellular signal transduction. The pTyr in bold signifies the tyrosine residue that is phosphorylated. The binding affinities of the polypeptide substrates to the enzyme were found to follow the order: (a) > (c) × (d) >> (b). (a) Asp-Ala-Asp-Glu-pTyr-Leu-lle-Pro-Gln-GIn-Gly (b) Pro-Val-Pro-Glu-pTyr-lle-Asn-Ala-Ser-Val (c) Asp-Ala-Glu-Glu-pTyr-Leu-Val-Pro-Gln-Gln-Gly (d) Asp-Asn-Leu-Tyr-pTyr-Trp-Asp-Glu-Asn-Ser-Ser In addition to the presence of the phosphorylated tyrosine residue, what amino acid a) properties of the polypeptides accounts for the relative order of binding affinities to the enzyme?

Biochemistry
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ISBN:9781319114671
Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
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2. The following tyrosine-phosphorylated polypeptides were tested as substrates of protein
tyrosine phosphatase, an important enzyme in cellular signal transduction. The pTyr in bold
signifies the tyrosine residue that is phosphorylated. The binding affinities of the polypeptide
substrates to the enzyme were found to follow the order: (a) > (c) - (d) >> (b).
(a) Asp-Ala-Asp-Glu-pTyr-Leu-lle-Pro-Gln-Gln-Gly
(b) Pro-Val-Pro-Glu-pTyr-lle-Asn-Ala-Ser-Val
(c) Asp-Ala-Glu-Glu-pTyr-Leu-Val-Pro-Gln-Gln-Gly
(d) Asp-Asn-Leu-Tyr-pTyr-Trp-Asp-Glu-Asn-Ser-Ser
In addition to the presence of the phosphorylated tyrosine residue, what amino acid
a)
properties of the polypeptides accounts for the relative order of binding affinities to the enzyme?
b)
the active site of the phosphatase enzyme that are responsible for the affinity of substrate
binding? Assume a pH of 7.4 at the enzyme active site. (Note a phosphatase uses phosphate substrate)
What amino acids have side chains that would indicate they are likely to be present in
Transcribed Image Text:2. The following tyrosine-phosphorylated polypeptides were tested as substrates of protein tyrosine phosphatase, an important enzyme in cellular signal transduction. The pTyr in bold signifies the tyrosine residue that is phosphorylated. The binding affinities of the polypeptide substrates to the enzyme were found to follow the order: (a) > (c) - (d) >> (b). (a) Asp-Ala-Asp-Glu-pTyr-Leu-lle-Pro-Gln-Gln-Gly (b) Pro-Val-Pro-Glu-pTyr-lle-Asn-Ala-Ser-Val (c) Asp-Ala-Glu-Glu-pTyr-Leu-Val-Pro-Gln-Gln-Gly (d) Asp-Asn-Leu-Tyr-pTyr-Trp-Asp-Glu-Asn-Ser-Ser In addition to the presence of the phosphorylated tyrosine residue, what amino acid a) properties of the polypeptides accounts for the relative order of binding affinities to the enzyme? b) the active site of the phosphatase enzyme that are responsible for the affinity of substrate binding? Assume a pH of 7.4 at the enzyme active site. (Note a phosphatase uses phosphate substrate) What amino acids have side chains that would indicate they are likely to be present in
Expert Solution
Step 1

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze various reactions inside the cellular environment. Enzyme binds to the substrate through their binding site and catalyzes the reactions. Tyrosine phosphatase removes the phosphate group from tyrosine residues present in peptides.  

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