1A.If transcription factor G is downstream of EGFR and upregulates gene H, what happens to H if Grb2 has an ER signal sequence? 1B. If transcription factor A is phosphorylated by Akt and upregulates gene B, what happens to gene B if a PI3K inhibitor is added?  Choices are: A. No expression of the gene B. Upregulation even in the absence of stimulation/ EGF C. Upregulation but only in the presence of cytokine/ EGF

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Cell Signaling

It allows cells to perform various cellular activities, coordinate, and interact with other cells. All cells of an organism receive signals from their environments and respond accordingly. Even the unicellular eukaryotes receive signals secreted by other cells and respond. In the case of yeast, mating takes place by signaling between the yeast cells. Communication by cell signaling in a multicellular organism has become a vast and important part of various fields of biology.