1.It is known that there is an ionic asymmetry between inside and outside of the cells membrane. Na+, K+, C1- and Ca2+concentrations were increased inside and outside separately for the each of ions at rest. How and why will the MRP and AP be changed in this condition: 1) Na+ 2) K+ 3) Cl-; 4) Ca2+?

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Q: Draw cell membrane showing Na- H exchange and give name of exchange?

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Q: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. If you place a red blood cell into a solution of DISTILLED WATER…

A: The blanks are filled below according to the options given along.

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A: Ion exchange chromatography a chromatographic method based on the net charge of the protein.

Q: The sodium ion concentration gradient points from

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A: Refer to the solution

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.