1. Define the following terms in the context of Drug Discovery and Development. (2 pts each)(a) Target(b) Hit(c) Lead(d) Lead Optimization(e) Investigational New Drug (IND)(f) New Drug Application (NDA)(g) Pharmacodynamics(h) Pharmacokinetics(i) Absorption(j) Distribution(k) Metabolism(I) Excretion(m) Toxicity(n) Phenotype-based drug discovery(o) Target-based drug discovery

A Detailed Explanation with References:(a) TargetDefinition: In drug discovery, a target is a…

Answered: 1. Define the following terms in the…

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter13: The Chemistry Of Solutes And Solutions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 57QRT

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The avg. toxicity of animal-based foods is about 0.4pg (picogram) of TCDD equivalent per 1g of food, and the LD50for 2,3,7,8 - TCDD is about 0.001 mg per kg of body weight. What mass, in kg, of animal-based food would you have to consume to ingest a fatal dose of it? (Assume your body mass is 60 kg.)
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2. What quantity should be dispensed when 50 mg of amitryptyline has been prescribed two times per day for 2 weeks, if the medication shown below is all that is available? Amitriptyline HCI Tablets, USP 25 mg 1000 TABLETS R only 0781-1487-10 6 Each tablet contains: Amitriptyline HCI, USP Usual Dosage: See package insert. Store at controlled room temperature 150-30°C (59⁰. 86°F). Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container. KEEP THIS AND ALL DRUGS OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN. Rev. 09-2001M Manufactured By Geneva Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Broomfield, CO 80020 25 mg Geneva SPECIMEN PHARMACEUTICALS
Opioid dependence is described in the Australian Medicines Handbook as a chronic, frequently relapsing illness. One approach to managing opioid dependence is opioid substitution therapy (opioid maintenance therapy). The figure below depicts concentration-response curves for two drugs used in the management of opioid dependence compared to heroin: 100 LEGEND 60 U 20 0 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 [Drug] (Log Units) Question: From the drugs listed below, select the options that are most likely to be represented by the concentration-response curves for: Drug A: Drug B: Buprenorphine Naloxone Methadone Naltrexone % Maximal Response 100 Heroin Drug A Drug B
Given Epsom salt - https://fscimage.fishersci.com/msds/13510.htm Describe the adverse effects of the substance to newborns or child development during pregnancy. Mutagenic Slightly mutagenic Teratogenic Non-teratogenic Non-mutagenic
6. A 190 lb worker in a factory received an exposure to AB which has a molecular weight (MW) of 278 g/mole. AB is completely metabolized in the body to A (MW 194) and B. A is completely excreted in the urine and B is further metabolized to five different compounds. A 24-hr total urine sample was 2060 ml, Analysis showed the concentration of A in the urine was 1.28 ng/mL What was the absorbed dose of AB in ug/kg body wt?
What would be an appropriate shelf-life, t90, for this drug (in days) in this solution?
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The maximum dose over 24 hours for OTC (over the counter use) of acetaminophen (medication in Tyleonol) is 4,000 mg. Many OTC and prescription medications contain acetaminophen along with other ingredients. Acetaminophen can be found in many cold medicines and in prescription painkillers such as Norco, which also contains the addictive opiod hydrocodone. Keeping track of sources and amount of acetaminophen is very important for your health. Abuse of Norco due to the opiod can also lead to toxic/lethal doses of acetaminophen. There are now strict regulations on the number of tablets of Norco that can be prescribed (7 day maximum per prescription, not refillable without another prescription). A tablet of Norco contains 325 mg of acetaminophen. Thirty tablets are in a week-long prescription post major-surgery to aid in recovery. How many grams of acetaminophen are in the 30 tablets?
This problem can be worked with Equations 18-6 on a calculator or with the spreadsheet in Figure 18-5. Transferrin is the iron-transport protein found in blood. It has a molecular mass of 81 000 and carries two Fe³* ions. Desferrioxamine B is a chelator used to 18-A. treat patients with iron overload (Box 11-1). It has a molecular mass of about 650 and can bind one Fe³+. Desferrioxamine can take iron from many sites within the body and is excreted (with its iron) through the kidneys. Molar absorptivities of these compounds (satu- rated with iron) at two wavelengths are given in the table. Both com- pounds are colorless (no visible absorption) in the absence of iron. e(M¯' cm¯') A(nm) Transferrin Desferrioxamine 428 3 540 2 730 470 4 170 2 290 (a) A solution of transferrin exhibits an absorbance of 0.463 at 470 nm in a 1.000-cm cell. Calculate the concentration of transferrin in mil- ligrams per milliliter and the concentration of bound iron in micro- grams per milliliter. (b) After…
1. Which is a false statement regarding solid-phase synthesis? (a) It simplifies removal of solvents (b) It simplifies automation of reactions (c) It simplifies monitoring of reactions (d) It simplifies reproducibility of reactions (e) It simplifies removal of soluble reagents 2. Which is a main advantage of solid-phase synthesis? (a) It simplifies purification of products (b) It can be performed on a large scale (c) It simplifies monitoring of reactions (d) It requires less amount of reagents (e) It simplifies characterisation of intermediates

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