1. Define epigenetics in your own words.
2. Describe one epigenetic mechanism and the possible effects it has on an organism’s DNA.
Gene expression is the process by which information stored within a gene is converted into a functional product. The transcription of RNA molecules, which can encode proteins or perform a variety of other functions as non-coding RNA molecules, is central to this process. Gene expression can be compared to a "on/off switch" that controls when and where RNA and proteins are produced, as well as a "volume control" that determines how much of these products are produced. It is a highly regulated process that undergoes significant changes depending on cellular conditions and types. Many RNA and protein products derived from genes influence the expression of other genes. Assessing where, when, and to what extent a gene is expressed can be achieved by measuring the functional actions of its products or observing associated phenotypes.
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