. After Okazaki's proposal of discontinuous DNA chain growth, therewas much controversy about whether both DNA strands are synthe-sized discontinuously, or only the lagging strand. Clearly, there is noneed for the leading strand to be synthesized in fragments, but manyworkers found that pulse-labeled DNA fragments hybridized toboth parental DNA strands. This finding indicated that bot.parental strands served as the template for synthesis of short DNAfragments. Propose an alternative mechanism by which leadingstrand replication could generate short fragments, and propose anexperimental test of your suggestion. (

DNA synthesis/replication occurs in 5' to 3' direction on both the strand. The leading strand…

Answered: . After Okazaki's proposal of…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Similar questions

The recombination process below occurs when two recombination occurs between two different alleles, but only only one of the alleles is perpetuated in the final product. This process is called [x]?
A. Diagram a short single strand of DNA 5’ -AA-GG- 3’. Show the chemical structure of the phosphoribosyl backbone and the attachment point for nucleotides added as “A” or “G”. B. Diagram the product of digestion was a restriction enzyme to cut this sequence between the A and G.
RNA polymeraze binds 100x quicker to the promotor when the promotor is in a 8kb plasmid than to the same promotor on a 200bp linear segment. Assuming that the incubation is performed with equal concentrations of the two types of DNA, explain this difference.
DNA precursor imbalances are mutagenic. For example, if dGTP accumulates, it can compete with dATP for incorporation opposite dTMP in the template, leading to a transition mutation. Recently it was reported that a modest balanced increase in all four DNTPS, three- or fourfold, stimulated mutagenesis out of proportion to the DNTP pool change. Describe a mechanism by which this could осcur.
, describe the normal role of the component, and choose from the selection the most direct effect of the mutation and explain WHY. Choose from the 4 following effects: Initiation of DNA synthesis okazaki fragment synthesis Leading strand elongation lagging-strand completion --> Explain why these mutant strains are most likely temperature-sensitive mutants
PolyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) plays a keyrole in the repair of DNA single-strand breaks. In the pres-ence of the PARP inhibitor olaparib, single-strand breaksaccumulate. When a replication fork encounters a sin-gle-strand break, it converts it to a double-strand break,which in normal cells is then repaired by homologousrecombination. In cells defective for homologous recom-bination, however, inhibition of PARP triggers cell death.Patients who have only one functional copy of theBrca1 gene, which is required for homologous recombina-tion, are at much higher risk for cancer of the breast andovary. Cancers that arise in these tissues in these patientscan be treated successfully with olaparib. Explain how it isthat treatment with olaparib kills the cancer cells in thesepatients, but does not harm their normal cells.
In eukaryotes, what is meant by the term DNA replication licensing? How does the process occur?
. A closed circular supercoiled DNA is relaxed by treatment with topoisomerase. No matter how much enzyme is used, or how long the experiment is run, the experimenter always finds a gel elec- trophoresis pattern indicating some DNA with one, two, and three superhelical turns in addition to the relaxed (nicked) circle (see fig- ure). Suggest an explanation for this observation. Nicked circle +
in ecoli, a ligase was deleted from the genome. the cells were then placed in a slighly higher temp. would the ligase deletion matter?
. Propose a mechanism by which a type II topoisomerase could use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to scan a large DNA molecule and, thereby, to direct that the enzyme will catalyze largely “disentan- gling" reactions (decatenation and unknotting).
1) The function of ligase is to seal nicks in the backbone of a DNA strand. The function of AP endonuclease is to create a nick in the backbone of a DNA molecule adjacent to an apurinic site, which allows DNA polymerase II access to the DNA to repair the damage and prevent a mutation resulting from the use of a damaged or erroneous strand of DNA as template during DNA replication. Why doesn't ligase simply seal up the nicks the AP endonuclease introduces before DNA pol II can do anything?
Suppose that you want to assay reverse transcriptase activity. If polyriboadenylate is the template in the assay, what should you use as the primer? Which radioactive nucleotide should you use to follow chain elongation?

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