SOC 211 Principles of Sociology Ex kpam 1b Short Answer Questions (SP23)

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SOC 211 Principles of Sociology Exam #1b Short Answer Questions: 1. Using one aspect of conflict theory , describe how a conflict theorist might assess the issue of U.S. homelessness. Briefly frame the issue through conflict theory and provide a simple example to support it. (4pt) Conflict theorists might access the issue of US homelessness and see social issues like homelessness as a result of inequality and power struggles. 2. Using one aspect of functionalist theory , describe how a functionalist might assess the issue of U.S. homelessness. Briefly frame the issue through structural functionalism and provide a simple example to support it. (4pt) They may view it as a societal issue that highlights the need for social services for homeless people. Some examples may include shelters for the homeless. It provides them a safe place to stay and helps them as they’re in a hard and sad position not being able to afford the things that they need. 3. Consider the following hypothetical situation: Four college seniors are out late at night – Sheryl, Wanda, Omar, and Frank. They all turned 21 earlier that year and have been going out to the clubs together on most weekends since turning age 21. One night after leaving the club late (they carpooled), Frank suggests that they stop by the store and grab some beers to drink while they drive around. While Wanda and Sheryl think this is a good idea, Omar is not so sure. He said it is illegal. He is also tired and ready to call it a night. Frank, Wanda, and Sheryl earnestly tell Omar that drinking in the car is perfectly legal so long as everyone is age 21. After about ten minutes of attempting to convince Omar, he verbally agrees that drinking in the car is legal despite knowing it not to be true. Omar also agrees to have a beer with them despite being tired. After buying the beers they are pulled over for having a taillight out. The police officer sees the beers, cites them for open containers, and they all spend the night in jail. Describe sociologically the following situation using at least one term / concept / theory that best fits each of the following (1pt each – 5 total points):

1. an agent of socialization by social group – peer pressure could be one of the agents of socialization in a social group. I say peer pressure because the four college seniors were pressuring frank to drink in the car even though it was illegal. In this situation, Frank was being peer pressures. 2. a formal norm by age – All of these college students are the age of 21 which is the legal age to drink alcohol. But it it still a violation to be drinking and driving as they’re carpooling. They could get pulled over and could all get in trouble for drinking while they’re driving, especially the driver. 3. a social group phenomenon – They formed a social group by going out and partying on weekends and going to the club. 4. a public social institution that is also a formal agent of socialization – This would be the police officers as they have laws by the state they have to follow to ensure public safety, especially with the use of alcohol, they spent the night in jail for having opened alcohol bottles in their car. 5. an act of deviance violating a formal norm - Having opened alcohol bottles in their car which violated the formal norm as you shouldn’t be having opened alcohol bottles in your car. 4. Symbolic interaction : pretend you are an archeologist in the year 2400 researching society in the 21st century (6 total points). Note : the artifacts and symbols cannot be the same thing, or very similar things (e.g., iPhone and computer). Four discreet answers – two different artifacts and two different symbols. a) What are two artifacts you might find? (.5pt each) Bitcoin – It represents a shift towards digital currency and how we value personal wellness towards a more digital economy. Electric cars – This symbol represents our efforts to combat climate changes and promote sustainable living in the 21 st century. b) What are two cultural symbols you might encounter? (.5pt each) Electric Cars – This artifact represents an eco-friendly and sustainable transportation method.

Bitcoin – it can symbolize the digital revolution decentralization, along with tech-driven financial solutions. c) Describe , sociologically, what each of the artifacts represents (2pt each) Societal shift – Electric cars are a societal shift as they take us into a more sustainable future and move away from fossil fuel embracing the innovation of electric-charged vehicles. d) Describe , sociologically, what each of the symbols represents (2pt each) The shift towards digital currency – bitcoin is a shift in digital currency as it represents a desire for privacy for financial transactions symbolizing a global economy. 5. Think about the social structures of society. For each of the following, identify the statuses, roles , and how the roles might be in conflict, strain, or exit. Role conflict , role strain , and role exit can each only be used once for each of the following three hypothetical roles (2pt each – 6 total points). a. Person A : After a tough day at work, a woman comes home tired and ready to relax while cooking dinner. However, one of her two kids needs help with his homework. The other child becomes suddenly sick and want her mom to come rest and take care of her. The woman’s husband, also having a long day at work, is looking forward to dinner. He also asks his wife for help sorting out the laundry so he can have clean clothes the next day. He hopes to have a glass of wine and watch T.V. with his wife after dinner. Person A is a woman who is a mother and a wife. As her role as a mother, her responsibility is taking care of her sick child, making dinner for the family, and sorting out the laundry, along with helping her child with their homework. I believe that she is facing role conflict after she had a tough day at work and doesn’t have enough energy as she’s tired and ready to relax. Because she is tired and can’t relax since she has to help her family, she will feel the stress as a mother and wife as well as a lot of emotions. b. Person B : A college senior is in their last semester to earn their bachelor’s degree in journalism. They networked a connection to land an internship for the local T.V. channel after graduating in three weeks. However, they are not doing well in one of their classes and need a high final exam score to pass the course. They want to do well but find it hard to focus as their sights are on this new internship opportunity. They wonder if they will have the skills to complete the internship tasks. These days they find themselves studying up on the personnel of the T.V. station and ignore the anxiousness they have with the final exam.

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Person B is a college senior who is going to be connected to an internship after graduating in three weeks. In order to be considered for the internship they need to have a high exam score but it’s hard to focus because of the opportunity its given to the senior. I would say the role in this consideration would be role strain. They’re having a hard and stressful time with trying to pass their class to get ready for their internship which is putting a lot of stress onto the student. c. Person C : An auto mechanic finishes his shift on Friday. He looks forward to attending the tailgate party with his buddies at the big college game tomorrow. He bought the tickets months ago and has not hung out with his pals for several weeks. Many of his friends have expressed they are looking forward to hanging out with him. A few hours after getting home his boss calls, leaving a message asking him if he can cover a co-worker’s shift tomorrow. The garage he has worked at for the last four years is very busy on Saturdays and promises to get some car repairs finished were made to customers. He has hoped to be promoted to lead mechanic sometime this year. While he considers that, his mom calls saying she does not feel well. She has a repair person coming to fix her water heater tomorrow and hopes her son can be there to deal with the repair person while she rests. What he really wants to do is go to the game and see his friends. Person C is an auto mechanic who is attending the tailgate party with his friends the next day for a college football game. He bought the tickets awhile ago and hasn’t hung out with his friends in awhile. However, there's a lot that he needs to get done with work, helping his mother who is sick and repairing her water heater. He really wants to go to the game instead and hangout with his friends. This can lead to a role exit because they’re going through the challenge of what choice they need to make. Overall he wants to attend the game with his friends rather than doing what he needs to do. 6. Use the description to answer the questions below (7 total points) Two hypothetical individuals:  Person one : male (he / him), Black, age 34, has a graduate degree, and works as a computer programmer.  Person two : female (she / her), White, age 26, has a high-school diploma, and earns tips as a low-wage server at a corporate restaurant.  They have been dating for about 6 months after meeting at a local hip-hop show.  He attends a Baptist church with his mother each Sunday.  She has been attending political rallies with friends and co-workers to support abortion rights.

1. When these two individuals get together, what is this group called? Hint – specific term (.5pt) This group would be called a couple. There are two people in this situation person 1 is part of the black community, works as a computer programmer, and has a graduate degree. Person 2 is a white female who has a high school diploma, low wage server, and attends political rallies for abortion rights. 2. What is a social aggregate that each person is a part of? (1pt ea. – different aggregates) Some social aggregates from these people would be the hip-hop show, they were both there at the same time but didn’t interact much in that situation until they met each other. Another one could also be at the political rallies that she goes to and the guy attending a church, it could depend on their level of interaction at these events. 3. What is a social category that that each person is a part of? (1pt ea. – different categories) The social category that each person is apart of is the education backgrounds, and different ages. They’re both at least ten years apart and both have different degrees, making them have different educational backgrounds. 4. From a sociologist’s research perspective , why might these two individuals be interesting to study? (2.5pt) They have a different range of communities, social categories, different gender and race, and the difference in their ages. I think it might be interesting that these two individuals would be interesting to study because they have different social categories and how they interact with one another. 7. Crime and Deviance – guns in the United States. Critical thinking summary (8 total points). You are to write a short paragraph using the following instructions and criteria. 1. Go to the sub-folder “Gun Violence Articles and Websites” in the Chapter 7: Crime, Deviance, and Social Control section. Select an article or website to summarize sociologically. 2. Cite the article / website at the top of your critical thinking summary. 3. Write a sociological summary of the source identifying key takeaways, social impacts, and display critical thinking in a free-form paragraph or two short paragraphs (approx. total length 7-16 sentences, no citations required unless citing outside of the article or our e-book). (8 total points) Use the guideline below to construct the summary. When reviewing and writing keep the following criteria in mind: a. Describe a key takeaway the article / video / website is presenting. What is the thesis / research question? (approx. 2-5 sentences) 2pt.

b. What is a social group or social category impacted, affected, or influenced by the issue? (approx. 1-2 sentences) 1pt. c. What is the social impact identified in the source? (i.e., how is this a public problem and not an individual private issue?) (approx. 1-3 sentences) 2pt. d. Use your sociological imagination to pose how future research might help us better understand and / or improve the situation. You can identify a gap in the source to describe a potential research question ( hypothesis ). Alternately, you can provide critical insight as to what the impacted social group might want to learn to better understand and / or mitigate the social impact. The purpose of this critical assessment is to take real-life issues an assess them sociologically. (approx. 3-6 sentences) 3pt. Michigan State Murders: What we know about campus shootings and the gunmen who carry them out. https://theconversation.com/michigan-state-murders-what-we-know-about-campus-shootings-and-the-gunmen-who-carry-them- out-199912?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Politics%20Weekly%20%20February%2016%202023%20- %202546025581&utm_content=Politics%20Weekly%20%20February%2016%202023%20- %202546025581+CID_35861c84924685bf0630b845e4ce77d1&utm_source=campaign_monitor_us&utm_term=Michigan %20State%20murders%20What%20we%20know%20about%20campus%20shootings%20and%20the%20gunmen%20who %20carry%20them%20out The key takeaway from this article would be the amount of mass shooting there have been at college campuses, and mainly what brings them out. It is shown in the article that college and university shooters typically have a prior connection to the campuses that they target, but within Michigan State, we will never know what the reason was since the shooter died on the scene. A social group or social category that is impacted or affected by this issue would have to be everyone that is part of the campus, those living in dorms, living in apartments, and the professors. There are over 50,000 students at Michigan State, every student was affected by the scary situation of a shooter targeting their school, let alone one of the most known universities in the state. The social impact of this school shooting is a question I ask myself. The social impact this puts on schools and students lasts a lifetime. We need to figure out a way to avoid school shootings, and what we can do to prevent it, even though it seems quite impossible. This is a public issue as it’s become a huge problem in today’s world. More than 100 shootings happen to public schools and it has become a huge problem in our world making students feel unsafe, they affect the community, and cause a huge societal problem. If I am being completely honest, we need to implement strict gun control, and enhance school security. I believe those that are affected by school shootings create a hypothesis question on how we can let this happen. We need to find better ways to have stricter gun control because in todays world, no one is safe with the amount of school shootings there have been in the past 10 years. In the article, they have immediate focus with providing services with the trauma as it has increased fear and anxiety, social isolation, and a sense of helplessness and despair shown in the last paragraph. If school shootings keep happening time and time again, then what we’re doing to eliminate the school shooting isn’t working. We need to do a better job as communities to find those factors to stop school shootings, shootings in general, and lastly gun control.

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SOC 211 Principles of Sociology Ex kpam 1b Short Answer Questions (SP23)

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